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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (7): 76-81.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300070

所属专题： 园艺

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大果榛子在毛乌素沙地的生长规律研究

杨涛1,2, 尚爱军3, 史社强1,2, 蔺雨阳4(), 王海鹰1,2, 罗竹梅1,2, 吴锦艳5, 晁遵淇3   

  1. 1陕西省林业科学院,西安 710082
    2国家林业和草原局长柄扁桃工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
    3榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林 719000
    4攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川攀枝花 617061
    5榆林市樟子松种子园,陕西榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-19 出版日期:2020-07-20 发布日期:2020-07-16
  • 通讯作者:
    蔺雨阳,男,1984年出生,甘肃定西人,工程师,硕士,主要从事林业群落生态学研究和引种栽培技术等方面。E-mail： 。
  • 作者简介:

    杨涛,男,1978年出生,甘肃陇西人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事沙区经济林研究及推广示范工作。E-mail： yytao139@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目子专题“毛乌素沙地退化人工植被修复与灌木资源培育技术研发及产业化示范(榆阳示范区)”(2016YFC050080503); 陕西省重点研发计划项目“特色沙生植物开发利用及其产业化示范”(2019TSLNY03-03)

The Growth Law of Corylus heterophylla× Corylus avellana in Mu Us Sandy Land

Yang Tao1,2, Shang Aijun3, Shi Sheqiang1,2, Lin Yuyang4(), Wang Haiying1,2, Luo Zhumei1,2, Wu Jinyan5, Chao Zunqi3   

  1. 1Shaanxi Academy of Forestry, Xi’an 710082, Shaanxi, China
    2Technology Research Center of Amygdalus Pedunculata of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
    3Life and Science College, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
    4Academic of A＆F of Panzhihua, Panzhihua 617061, Sichuan, China
    5Yulin Seed Garden of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2020-03-19 Online:2020-07-20 Published:2020-07-16

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摘要：

为筛选出适合毛乌素沙地栽培的榛子优良品种,从辽宁省章古台引进5个大果榛子品种（‘达维’、‘辽榛3号’、‘辽榛7号’、‘辽榛8号’和‘平欧15号’）,在原陕西省治沙研究所红石峡植物园和靖边县牛玉琴全国治沙基地2个试验地开展引种栽培试验及生长规律研究,并对其物候期、生长情况和结实情况等指标进行观测分析研究。结果表明：5个大果榛子品种在2个试验地均能正常生长发育,完成营养生长和生殖生长。但从树高和冠幅指标看,其中‘达维’和‘辽榛3号’显著优于‘辽榛7号’和‘辽榛8号’(P＜0.05);从新梢长度、新梢粗度和新梢数量指标看,‘达维’显著优于其他3个树种(P＜0.05),其次为‘辽榛3号’;从结实指标看,除‘平欧15号’性状较其他品种差,其余4个树种间无明显差异(P＞0.05);从结实日期看,‘达维’和‘辽榛3号’早于‘辽榛7号’和‘辽榛8号’,这4个引种品种均显著优于‘平欧15号’。综合生长指标和结实指标看,5个树种都可在榆林引种种植,但‘达维’和‘辽榛3号’更适宜在毛乌素沙地推广种植,‘平欧15号’生长表现最差,不适宜在毛乌素沙地推广栽培。

关键词: 大果榛子, 毛乌素沙地, 引种试验, 适应性研究, 生长规律

Abstract:

To screen out good hazelnut varieties suitable for cultivation in Mu Us sandy land, five major hazelnut varieties ‘Dawei’, ‘Liaozhen 3’, ‘Liaozhen 7’, ‘Liaozhen 8’ and ‘Pingou 15’ were introduced from Zhanggutai, Liaoning Province. Two experiments were conducted in Hongshixia Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Sand Control Research Institute and Niuyuqin National Sand Control Base of Jingbian County. Experiments on introduction and cultivation were carried out, and the phenological period, growth and fruiting conditions were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the five hazelnut varieties could grow normally and complete vegetative and reproductive growth in the two experimental sites. But in terms of tree height and crown diameter, ‘Dawei’ and ‘Liaozhen 3’ were significantly better than ‘Liaozhen 7’ and ‘Liaozhen 8’ (P＜0.05). In terms of shoot length, shoot diameter and shoot number, ‘Dawei’ was significantly better than the other three varieties (P＜0.05), followed by ‘Liaozhen 3’. From the perspective of seed setting index, there was no significant difference (P＞0.05) among the four varieties except ‘Pingou 15’, which was worse than other varieties. From the perspective of seed setting date, ‘Dawei’ and ‘Liaozhen 3’ were earlier than ‘Liaozhen 7’ and ‘Liaozhen 8’, which were significantly better than ‘Pingou 15’. According to the comprehensive growth index and fruiting index, the five varieties can be introduced and planted in Yulin, but ‘Dawei’ and ‘Liaozhen 3’ are more suitable to be popularized and planted in Mu Us sandy land, ‘Pingou 15’ has the worst growth performance and is not suitable to be popularized and cultivated in Mu Us sandy land.

Key words: Corylus heterophylla× Corylus avellana, Mu Us Sandy Land, Introduction Experiment, Adaptive Research, Growth Law

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