Abstract: Tobacco continuous cropping obstacle was the phenomenon that tobacco plants showed plant growth retardation, stunting, yield and quality reduction, and soil borne diseases damage aggravation under the continuous cropping. The tobacco continuous cropping obstacle was generally divided into two types: the specific continuous cropping obstacle and the non- specific continuous cropping obstacle, both with two characteristics as specificity and durability. It was generally accepted that the continuous cropping obstacle of tobacco was mainly caused by biological factors, namely the rhizosphere micro- ecological environment imbalances, which occurred due to many reasons, including the beneficial bacteria species and amounts decrease in continuous cropping soil; harmful fungi and nematodes increase during the long-term continuous cropping; the accumulation of self- toxic substances from the same plant in long period planting; a large number of consumption of single nutrient from the continuous cropping of same plant, and so on. Commonly, the method used to prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacle included soil disinfection, resistance breeding and biological control. The biological control had strong specificity and durable recovery, and was environmentally friendly, which had become the research hotspot in the field. To strengthen the research on the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacle of tobacco in order to reduce and avoid the loss caused by continuous cropping had important economic and social significances for the development of Chinese and even the global tobacco industry. On the basis of comprehensive understanding of the research progress in the related fields both at home and abroad, the authors proposed the research focus combining with the industry development in the future, and hoped to provide theoretical basis and references for the prevention of tobacco continuous cropping obstacle.