Heterogeneity of Available Phosphorus in Regional Farmland Soil and Its Causes

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0153

Abstract

Abstract:

The application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer is an important means to regulate soil available P and obtain high yield of crops. Therefore, the regional soil available P status can reflect the rationality of P fertilizer application in the area on a long time scale. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, through the statistical analysis of the collected data of soil available P measured from 2015 to 2020, we discussed the change and spatial differentiation characteristics of farmland soil available P, analyzed the problems existing in the application of P fertilizer, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions of P application. The average level of soil available P in farmland soil in Zhejiang increased significantly, with an overall increase of about 85.0%. However, the distribution of available P in farmland soil in different regions of Zhejiang was extremely unbalanced. Available P in soil showed significantly spatial heterogeneity in both large and small spatial scales. Soil available P data showed a skewed distribution, which was reflected in the low proportion of soil with available P of 10-30 mg/kg, the high proportion of P deficiency soil with available P of <10 mg/kg, and the excessive accumulation of P in soil with available P of > 50 mg/kg. The reason was that the application of P fertilizer in many areas focused on cash crops rather than on food crops, and the implementation of compound fertilizer exacerbated this trend to a certain extent. Landform, soil texture and soil type also had a certain impact on the level of soil available P. The analysis shows that it is necessary to strengthen the work of soil testing formula in the application of P fertilizer, and implement classified P application based on the level of tested soil available P. The results also show that the geometric average could better reflect the real situation of regional available P than the arithmetic average.

Key words: soil available phosphorus, farmland, area, geometric average, spatial differences, classified fertilization

CLC Number:

ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Mingkui. Heterogeneity of Available Phosphorus in Regional Farmland Soil and Its Causes[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2022, 12(8): 43-47.

Figures/Tables 5

References 21

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地级市	样本数	算术平均值/ (mg/kg)	变异系数/ %	中值/ (mg/kg)	几何平均值/ (mg/kg)	有效磷分级占比/%
地级市	样本数	算术平均值/ (mg/kg)	变异系数/ %	中值/ (mg/kg)	几何平均值/ (mg/kg)	<10 mg/kg	10~30 mg/kg	30~50 mg/kg	>50 mg/kg
杭州	3303	23.3	168.2	12.3	12.9	41.1	41.1	8.1	9.7
宁波	2561	31.1	150.2	15.5	14.9	36.2	33.0	14.4	16.4
温州	2690	30.5	163.4	13.4	14.1	40.2	33.8	9.7	16.3
绍兴	4516	17.6	248.2	6.0	5.9	63.2	24.8	5.2	6.8
嘉兴	4878	17.7	123.0	11.4	11.8	44.2	41.4	9.1	5.3
金华	4105	30.7	194.4	10.5	10.8	49.2	25.8	9.2	15.8
衢州	2456	20.1	144.5	12.4	9.9	36.2	33.0	14.4	16.4
台州	2667	29.7	148.6	16.2	14.6	34.3	38.2	12.2	15.3
丽水	1740	59.2	126.5	31.6	29.9	19.2	28.7	15.2	36.9
湖州	3349	14.8	148.6	6.8	7.4	64.5	22.3	6.5	6.7
舟山	151	19.3	159.8	7.1	9.5	63.6	17.2	8.6	10.6

地级市	样本数	算术平均值/ (mg/kg)	变异系数/ %	中值/ (mg/kg)	几何平均值/ (mg/kg)	有效磷分级占比/%
地级市	样本数	算术平均值/ (mg/kg)	变异系数/ %	中值/ (mg/kg)	几何平均值/ (mg/kg)	<10 mg/kg	10~30 mg/kg	30~50 mg/kg	>50 mg/kg
杭州	3303	23.3	168.2	12.3	12.9	41.1	41.1	8.1	9.7
宁波	2561	31.1	150.2	15.5	14.9	36.2	33.0	14.4	16.4
温州	2690	30.5	163.4	13.4	14.1	40.2	33.8	9.7	16.3
绍兴	4516	17.6	248.2	6.0	5.9	63.2	24.8	5.2	6.8
嘉兴	4878	17.7	123.0	11.4	11.8	44.2	41.4	9.1	5.3
金华	4105	30.7	194.4	10.5	10.8	49.2	25.8	9.2	15.8
衢州	2456	20.1	144.5	12.4	9.9	36.2	33.0	14.4	16.4
台州	2667	29.7	148.6	16.2	14.6	34.3	38.2	12.2	15.3
丽水	1740	59.2	126.5	31.6	29.9	19.2	28.7	15.2	36.9
湖州	3349	14.8	148.6	6.8	7.4	64.5	22.3	6.5	6.7
舟山	151	19.3	159.8	7.1	9.5	63.6	17.2	8.6	10.6

地貌	样本数	范围/(mg/kg)	算术平均/(mg/kg)	变异系数/%	中值/(mg/kg)	几何平均/(mg/kg)
滨海平原	2358	0.2~416	23.4	127.9	14.8	13.6
丘陵	10758	0.3~673	28.4	179.0	12.1	11.6
河谷平原	7363	0.1~524	29.6	179.8	12.5	12.2
水网平原	11937	0.2~573	19.9	171.1	9.7	9.6

地貌	样本数	范围/(mg/kg)	算术平均/(mg/kg)	变异系数/%	中值/(mg/kg)	几何平均/(mg/kg)
滨海平原	2358	0.2~416	23.4	127.9	14.8	13.6
丘陵	10758	0.3~673	28.4	179.0	12.1	11.6
河谷平原	7363	0.1~524	29.6	179.8	12.5	12.2
水网平原	11937	0.2~573	19.9	171.1	9.7	9.6

质地	样本数	范围/(mg/kg)	算术平均/(mg/kg)	变异系数/%	中值/(mg/kg)	几何平均/(mg/kg)
砂土	1024	0.2~361	26.0	149.7	10.9	11.1
壤土	13598	0.2~464	31.5	169.6	14.0	14.0
粘壤	9558	0.4~320	19.6	184.9	9.4	9.3
粘土	8236	0.2~573	20.7	175.8	10.0	9.3