Abstract:

To adapt to the current rapid development of agriculture and animal husbandry, meet the growing demand for grain and forage, and realize the diversified utilization of oat resources, the Ulanqab Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences initiated an interspecific hybridization in 2002, using the naked oat variety 'Jizhangyou No.1' as the female parent and the hulled oat variety 'Yong 118' as the male parent. After years of systematic breeding, a new dual-purpose oat variety 'Wuyou No.1' (suitable for both grain and feed) was successfully developed. Verified through variety comparison trials, regional trials, and production trials, the results showed that during the two-year period from 2020 to 2021, the average fresh forage yield of 'Wuyou No.1' reached 50025.00 kg/hm², the hay yield was 13806.90 kg/hm², and the grain yield was 2901.45 kg/hm². All yields were significantly higher than those of the two control varieties. Compared with the control 'Mengnongdayan No.1', the yields increased by 13.64%, 15.97%, and 7.41% respectively; compared with the control 'Mengnongdayan No.2', the yields increased by 17.10%, 18.97%, and 20.83% respectively. The results of nutrient composition determination indicated that the hay and grain of 'Wuyou No.1' had excellent nutritional quality and prominent feeding value, and could be used as high-quality feed for indoor-fed livestock and poultry. This variety was approved by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Variety Approval Committee in May 2023, with the approval number Mengshen-072-2023.

Key words: oat, variety, dual-purpose for grain and forage, breeding, high yield and quality