Abstract: The continuous monitoring data of 600 cotton growers was analyzed，in order for commenting Anhui Province cotton production in 2012, by the use of China Cotton Growth Index (CCGI) evaluation system. The weather condition Anhui Province in 2012 was conducive to the growth of cotton. Anhui cotton growth index in 2012 was 105. The cotton acreage of Anhui Province in 2012 decreased 11.1% comparing to 2011, while the lint yield per unit area decreasing 0.8%, and the lint yield decreasing 11.8%. Because of the increasing of materials and labor costs, the cotton revenue of Anhui province in 2012 decreased 34.7% comparing to 2011. With the continuing slump in cotton production, it is expected that Anhui cotton acreage in 2013 will decrease 18.0% compared to 2012.