Abstract: A rice dwarf disease caused by southern rice black-streak dwarf virus, spread rapidly throughout the southern part of China in these years. However, it is a short time since the disease has been found, the current research on the disease is still at the strarting stage. This paper presents a review of the recent progress of disease symptoms，the characters of pathogenic virus and its vectors, disease characters, epidemic reasons and control strategies on southern rice black-streak dwarf virus disease, and provides a basis for effectively control of southern rice black-streak dwarf virus disease in future.