Abstract: The species, population structure and population dynamics of the borers on sugarcane in Yunnan were analyzed based on the historical data and our investigation for the effective control of the borers. The distribution area and damage of the major borers in Yunnan cane-growing regions were ascertained. The factors influencing population dynamics of the borers and the causes of the borer rampancy were revealed. According to the damaging characteristics of these borers, suitable control strategies were proposed, including establishing and improving the sugarcane quarantine system, enhancing the quarantine of the imported varieties/clones, thorough and systematic investigating the new borer populations, establishing the early warning and monitoring system, actively carrying out physical and biological control, and enhancing the protection of natural enemies. These measures and strategies could help to effectively control the borers on sugarcane and decrease the damage caused by these borers.