Current issue

• 2014 Vol.4 No.8 Published:20 August 2014

  Applied Research of Grey Relation Entropy Analysis Method in Sesame Variety Breeding 2014, 4 (8):  4-8.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 1620KB )   ( 1129 ) Using the grey relation entropy analysis method of grey system theory. To analysis 18 generations material of shanxi academy of agricultural sciences' sesame subject about their yield per plant,thousand seed weight, plant height and legs higher 9 agronomic traits in 2012.The results showed that the entropy correlation between Sesame yield and 9 agronomic traits are as follows: thousand seed weight 0.994083104、capsules per plant 0.989996079, plant height 0.988820576, seeds per capsule 0.988162488 , capsule axis length 0.988118165, incidence rate 0.987747396, capsule length 0.98729835, legs higher 0.986958264, length of unfertile tip 0.984676022; Entropy correlation sequence is: thousand seed weight > capsules per plant > plant height > seeds per capsule > capsule axis length > incidence rate > capsule length > legs higher > length of unfertile tip. To determine the K1 , K3 and K12 of 18 generations material has good yield potential and to conclude the direaction of breeding and selection on Sesame variety breeding in the future.

  A preliminary Study on Chemical Control Technology of Luliangyou996’ Seed Production 2014, 4 (8):  9-11.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 1191KB )   ( 1119 ) In order to solve the problems of the meet of flowering date or time and the outcrossing character of Luliangyou996’parents, in this study, GA3, Tiaohuabao and boron was used to regulate the flowing date, flowing time and improve the outcrossing character of Luliangyou996’parents. The resulted showed that the seed production yield was greatly increased by using these chemical substances.

  Analysis of the Impact of Climate Warming on Suitable Seeding Time of Winter Wheat in Yaodou Area, Linfen 2014, 4 (8):  12-15.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 1212KB )   ( 1201 ) In order to did some research to ensure the suitable sowing period of winter wheat in Yaodu District, Linfen under the background of climatic warming, which aims to protect winter wheat from freeze injury and help them form seeding. According to the meteorological observation data and the winter wheat observation data before winter from 1981 to 2010 in Yaodu District, Linfen, the author compared the effects of climatic warming on sowing period by using correlation analysis and other statistical methods. The results showed that on the basis of selection of suitable varieties, the suitable sowing period was from September 27th to October 8th in Yaodu District, Linfen; that was, the second half to dew. Before September 27th, it’s easy to cause the exuberant growth before winter. After October 8th, it’s easy to form weak seedling before winter and it’s not conducive to winter.

  Cotton Production Analysis and Prospect of Hunan 2014, 4 (8):  16-21.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 1532KB )   ( 1273 ) Abstrct: In this paper, we have described the development history of cotton production in Hunan province,And mainly reviewed the process of Hunan cotton production since founding. We summarized the characteristics of cotton production and fluctuation pattern in our province through comparative analysis data of total lint yield, planting area and lint yield in decades. We found that some factors including raw cotton demands, economic benefits and cultured areas, cotton variety improvement, science and technology innovation and application were the key factor of unit yield increasing. At the same time, we also prospected on production in future on the basis of new situation of cotton and pointed out that entire mechanization is the main development direction in Hunan.

  Determination of Sensitivity of White-backed Planthopper of Anren county, Hunan to Five Pesticides 2014, 4 (8):  22-24.  Abstract + ( 1081 )   PDF ( 1130KB )   ( 1234 ) The aim is to provide a scientific evidence for controlling white-backed planthopper in field. The sensitivity of the third instar nymph of white-backed planthopper population in Anren, Hunan to five pesticides was determined by rice stem impregnation method. The results showed the sensitivity (LC50) of the tested population to Thiamethoxam, Buprofezin, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram and Isoprocarb was 0.0299, 0.1214, 0.1322, 0.3296 and 26.7068 mg/L, respectively. Based on the determination of sensitivity, the five pesticides tested could be alternately used to control white-backed planthopper in field, in order to avoid or delay the reduction of sensitivity to pestcides.

  Quinclorac Injury Occurred Causes and Preventive Measures on Tobacco 2014, 4 (8):  25-27.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 1066KB )   ( 2441 ) Quinclorac，which was a common chemical herbicide in rice field in China its characteristics and mechanism was summarized. The history of the quinclorac caused drug harms to tobacco in Chinese tobacco producing areas were reviewed，the symptoms of drug harms were described, the reasons how the harms happened and how to prevent harms were analyzed. Through most of the rest, practice, it was the conclusion that quinclorac was effective chemical herbicide, the drug harms to tobacco could prevent. Rotation and rational use could avoid the drug harms due to quinclorac. Then once the drug harms occurred, tobacco malformation caused by he drug harms couldn’t recover. The basis and technical guidance were provided for rational application and preventions of the tobacco harms occurrence.

  Field Efficacy Tests Report of 40% Thiophanate-Methyl?Cyprodinil SC to Apple Spot Leaf Drop 2014, 4 (8):  28-30.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1285KB )   ( 1205 ) Field efficacy tests showed that the control effect of 40% Thiophanate-Methyl?Cypro -dinil SC to Apple Spot Leaf Drop was better. We suggested the effective dose was 133.3 mg/kg～200mg/kg (2000～3 000 times dilutions). It was safe to apples and non-target organisms.

  Effective and Safety Evaluation of FirstRate Plus Different Auxiliary Controlling Commelina communis Linn. and Other Broad-leaved Weeds in Soybean Field 2014, 4 (8):  31-34.  Abstract + ( 1253 )   PDF ( 1244KB )   ( 1176 ) FirstRate plus different auxiliaries were studied in soybean field to research their phytocidal effect of Commelina communis Linn, Cirsium setosum, Herba Sonchi Brachyoti and the other broadleaf weeds and safety. The results showed that the every phytocidal effect of all treats on individual weeds and fresh weight were more than 60% after ten days, but it were not effective to Chenopodium album and Epuisetum arvense. Ecosurf SA-9, Triton X-100 and Tergitol L-62 were safe to soybean, but ULD-E was unsafe because there were yellow spots on leafs. After forty-five days, the phytocidal effect of all treats on individual were all low control effect, but on fresh weight of Commelina communis Linn and Cirsium setosum were that FirstRate+X-100 was more than 89.7%, 98.1%, FirstRate+SA-9 was more than 95.9%, 78.8%, FirstRate+L-62 was more than 92.5%, 97.2%, FirstRate+ ULD-E was more than 91.5%, 92.7%. The phytocidal effects of all treats on fresh weight were more than 85.2% to Herba Sonchi Brachyoti and 100% to Siberia Cocklebur and Siegesbeckia. The every phytocidal effect of all treats was better than only FirstRate treat. The every phytocidal effect of different concentration of four auxiliaries were different, the 1000 time liquid was the best than the 2000 than the 500. The phytocidal effect of four auxiliaries were Ecosurf SA-9> Triton X-100> Tergitol L-62> ULD-E.

  The dynamics of population structure and control strategies of sugarcane borers in Yunnan 2014, 4 (8):  35-38.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 1244KB )   ( 1276 ) The species, population structure and population dynamics of the borers on sugarcane in Yunnan were analyzed based on the historical data and our investigation for the effective control of the borers. The distribution area and damage of the major borers in Yunnan cane-growing regions were ascertained. The factors influencing population dynamics of the borers and the causes of the borer rampancy were revealed. According to the damaging characteristics of these borers, suitable control strategies were proposed, including establishing and improving the sugarcane quarantine system, enhancing the quarantine of the imported varieties/clones, thorough and systematic investigating the new borer populations, establishing the early warning and monitoring system, actively carrying out physical and biological control, and enhancing the protection of natural enemies. These measures and strategies could help to effectively control the borers on sugarcane and decrease the damage caused by these borers.

  Effects of Bentonite on Soil Enzyme Activity in Copper Contaminated Soil 2014, 4 (8):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1182 )   PDF ( 1251KB )   ( 1313 ) In order to study on the remediation mechanism of bentonite on copper contaminated soil, a pot experiment of rape was conducted to study the effects of clay minerals about bentonite on soil enzyme activity of copper contaminated soil. The results showed that: activities of urease, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and nitrate reductase in soil were significantly restrained with increase of concentration of copper in contaminated soil. Bentonite significantly increased activities of urease, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and nitrate reductase by 6.4%-15.4%, 4.0%-19.3%, 1.26%-1.85%, 4.6%-10.9% in the copper contaminated soil, respectively and the increase rates of 4r enzyme activity were in order: alkaline phosphatase＞urease＞nitrate reductase＞catalase. Increase rates of urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were greater in high concentration copper contaminated soils than in the low concentration of copper contaminated soils, but catalase and nitrate reductase activities were greater in low concentration than in high concentration of copper contaminated soils. Therefore, bentonite could amend copper contaminated soils.

  Study on Soil Nutrient Accumulationin of Greeenhouse In Different Plangting Years In Lishi 2014, 4 (8):  43-47.  Abstract + ( 1203 )   PDF ( 1584KB )   ( 1127 ) Abstract: A surveay was made to investigate on different planting years topsoils(0～20cm) for vegetable greenhouse in Lishi region,and analyzed the soil accumulation characteristics indicators of the main physical and chemical property indicators and compared with the open field soils. The results show that the greenhouse soil pH were gradually reducing with the increasing planting years,and the range is 7.51～8.07.Currently,the problem of soil acidification is not serious. Electrical conductivity and pH are opposite trend,5 years of greenhouse soil Electrical conductivity (0.53 mS/cm) has exceeded the critical point of crop growth disorders (EC>0.50 mS/cm),20 years of greenhouse soil Electrical conductivity(1.03mS/cm) close to the critical point of cucumber growth disorders (1.2 mS/cm).Soil organic matter and available nutrient contents are increasing with the increasing planting years, the enrichment phenomenon of N、P、K is more obvious. When greenhouses were used to reach a certain age,soil organic matter,total Nitrogen and nutrient Nitrogen contents trend to stable state, their variation amplitude chang unobviously with the increasing planting years.

  Dynamic Development of Chinese Flower Industry 2014, 4 (8):  48-52.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 1318KB )   ( 1945 ) With the development of the economy, the Chinese flower industry has obtained remarkable achievements, and gradually becomes an emerging industry of China. In order to know the dynamic development condition of the Chinese flower industry in nearly twenty years, researches on the development situation, motivation, trend and current problems of the Chinese flower industry were carried out, through the methods of literature search and field research. Researches show that the development of the Chinese flower industry presented an increasing trend year by year in general. Especially in the past 10 years, the Chinese flower industry developed rapidly, due to the vigorous demand of the Chinese flower industry and the national strategic structure adjustment on agriculture. The production area of flower industry has been increasing year by year and reached 112 hectares in 2012, which made China the country owning the largest flower planting area in the world. The production value of the Chinese flower industry increased by the rate of over 20%, with the increasingly prosperous domestic market and the great increase of exports, which owned promising industrial prospects. But many problems still exist in the Chinese flower industry in terms of production, marketing, scientific research, management and so on. Corresponding measures must be taken as soon as possible, in order to make the Chinese flower industry develop smoothly and healthily.

  Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cymbidium goeringii 's Germplasm Resources Based on SRAP Markers 2014, 4 (8):  53-58.  Abstract + ( 1080 )   PDF ( 2865KB )   ( 846 ) SRAP was used to analyse the genetic diversity analysis of 42 Cymbidium goeringii cultivars and 1 specie of Cymbidium floribundum、1 specie of Cymbidum.longibracteatum and 3 species of Hybrid cymbidium. 15 polymorphic primer combinations were screened and a total of 185 DNA loci were amplified，184 of which were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA loci amplified by each primer was 12.27. Primer combination Me8-Em16’s Nei’s genetic diversity index(H,0.3993) ,Shannon’s information index( I, 0.5794) and Effective number of alleles(Ne, 1.7280) were the highest. The genetic similarity among 47 germplasm ranged from 0.63~0.80. The UPGMA clustering showed that all the tested cultivars and species were classified into five cluster groups with the similarity coeficient of 0.662.The study were well revealed the 47 materials genetic relatives..The findings of this study would provide an important theoretical basis for Cymbidium goeringii classification and parental selection in cross breeding．

  Effect of seedling and transplanting density on growth of Nectarine rootstock 2014, 4 (8):  59-62.  Abstract + ( 1167 )   PDF ( 1462KB )   ( 1099 ) Abstract:In order to improve the yield and quality of peach seedings,The author has carried out the peach seedling and transplanting test,discussed the characteristics, ecological habits of peach of Suqian area, studied the comprehensive technology of seedling density and field management etc. The results showed that sowing and transplanting density to 15 strains per square meter was appropriate,the average diameter of seedlings reach 0.9-1.0cm in the same year;sowing density was negatively associated with seedling biomass;seedling ground diameter was positively related to the plant height, taproot length, lateral root length,root dry weight and number of leaves,There was no significant correlation between seedling ground diameter and root fresh weight,number and position of lateral root.

  Research Progress and Future Development of Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.)Sacc. 2014, 4 (8):  63-65.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 1099KB )   ( 2145 ) Cordyceps sinensis ( Berk.) sacc. is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medical herbs. This paper reviewed the various chemical ingredients of Cordyceps sinensis, summarized the pharmacological effects of Cordyceps extract including antibacterial, anti-viral, and anti-tumor, summed up the detection and analysis methods of Cordyceps acid, Cordyceps polysaccharides, adenosine, cordycepin. To establish the technical requirements of raw materials, the national standard of the detection methods is very important. The establishment of effective means of verification of product effectiveness is worthy to study .

  Analysis of How to Improve the Usability of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco 2014, 4 (8):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1138 )   PDF ( 1087KB )   ( 1260 ) The weak usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco is the key problem in the tobacco industry, which limited the development of big cigarette brands in our country. This article had summarized various factors of influencing the flue-cured tobacco, and it was considered that it should reasonably fall together all segments include the flue-cured tobacco production technology, baking technologies, economic policies and so on, for improving the usability of upper leaves of flue-cured. Furthermore, it also should formulate the corresponding countermeasures of every flue-cured tobacco production area on the basis of the environment, plant conditions, baking levels and other realistic conditions. Improving usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco is the urgent problem in the tobacco industry, so it is expected that the article might provide abundant theoretical foundation and references ideas for tobacco industry colleagues.

  Effects of different curing and baking method on the quality and benefits of upper tobacco leaves 2014, 4 (8):  70-72.  Abstract + ( 1161 )   PDF ( 1149KB )   ( 1152 ) According to the tissue structure characteristics of upper leaves in Ankang tobacco area, the curing and baking with stalk method of upper leaves was compared in this study. The results showed that: compared with centralized curing and unified braiding rod method, the proportion of superior middle tobacco significantly increased 18.94%, average price significantly increased 18.19%, appearance quality of raw tobacco was obviously improved, the proportion of orange smoke increased obviously, structure more loosed, oil increased, color enhanced , but the cost of labor, coal and electricity increased significantly, with a range of 1.14 yuan per kilogram.

  Study on the Expression of Vernacular Landscape Elements in Country Park——Taking Planning and Design of Zi Heyuan Country Park as an example 2014, 4 (8):  73-76.  Abstract + ( 1052 )   PDF ( 2624KB )   ( 809 ) Taking Zi Heyuan Country Park as an example, this paper made the concept of local landscape planning as the entry point, then refined natural, artificial and non-material vernacular landscape elements on the basis of in-depth analysis of the nature and cultural background, and summarized the new ideas of the vernacular landscape expression in the country parks to build beautiful country scenery with regional characteristics. The objective of this paper was to provide useful references for future landscape designing of country parks.

  The Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides on the Production Ability of Sow and Growth Performance of Piglets 2014, 4 (8):  77-80.  Abstract + ( 1090 )   PDF ( 1149KB )   ( 1238 ) 为观察抗菌肽对母猪生产性能及仔猪生长性能的影响。试验于母猪预产期前30天开始在饲料中添加0.3%抗菌肽，观察母猪产仔及仔猪的健康状况。结果表明：试验组与对照组相比：死胎率降低了33.3%、木乃伊率降低100%、初生成活率提高6.0 %、初生平均头重提高1.3%、窝平均存活数提高32.1%、断奶成活率提高3.3%、断奶平均头重提高25.1%、平均净增重提高32.8%。说明抗菌肽饲料添加剂可有效提高母猪的生产性能和哺乳仔猪的生长性能。

  Stabilization of Copper in Pig Manure with Amendments 2014, 4 (8):  81-84.  Abstract + ( 1119 )   PDF ( 1176KB )   ( 1180 ) Both development of intensive livestock farming and widely use of feed additive in the livestock and poultry production increase greatly the content of Cu in livestock and poultry manure, which increase the environmental risk of livestock manure applied in farmland. To reduce the solubility of Cu in livestock and poultry manure, six common mineral materials, including montmorillonite, fly ash, alum, zeolite, diatomite and apatite, were selected to test their capacities for stabilization of Cu in pig manure. Sequential fractionation method of heavy metals and leaching experiment were applied to characterize changes in the chemical forms of Cu in pig manure, and evaluate the inactivation of different mineral materials on Cu in pig manure. The results showed that Cu in pig manure without addition of any mineral materials is mainly of organic bound and residual forms with higher percentage of exchangeable copper (5.87%). All of the mineral materials had significant inactivation on Cu in pig manure. As compared with the control, application of montmorillonite, fly ash, alum, zeolite, diatomite and apatite decreased the exchangeable Cu by 45.1%, 73.1%, 64.6%, 38.3%, 22.7%, and 68.3%, respectively. Addition of the minerals decreased significantly the leaching of Cu from pig manure. The inactivation on Cu in pig manure with application of the mineral materials may be related to the transformation of Cu forms from exchangeable to organic matter bound, oxide bound and residual.

  Application of biological technology in genetics and breeding of strawberry 2014, 4 (8):  88-91.  Abstract + ( 961 )   PDF ( 538KB )   ( 1456 ) This review introduced the progress about application of biotechnology in the strawberry genetics and breeding from abroad and home researches in recent years. The role and the status of application about tissue culture technology, molecular markers and genetic engineering technology in the strawberry genetics and breeding were summarized mainly including the application of tissue culture in strawberry breeding, the using of molecular markers about the constructing of genetic maps and molecular marker-assisted selection for disease resistance, the using of genetic engineering technology about functional verification of strawberry genes and the directional genetic improvement of horticultural traits and so on. The feasibility of modern biotechnologies were applied to breeding research was analyzed as well. Finally, the limitations of various biotechnologies were summarized, the utilization way and development direction of modern biotechnology combined with conventional breeding technology was discussed. Overall, this review aimed at offering basic knowledge about genetic breeding work of strawberry.

  Preliminary Research on the Monitoring platform of Application Performance 2014, 4 (8):  92-95.  Abstract + ( 1051 )   PDF ( 521KB )   ( 1292 ) Abstract:With the deepening construction of agricultural information, Agricultural systems operation and maintenance management meet challenge in a new phase.This article incorporates ITIL operation and maintenance management philosophy, From the perspective of ascertaining system operating hidden dangers in advance and preventing failure, it makes a brand new operation and maintenance management mode, which complies the Centralized, unified, comprehensive monitoring and management to IT resources. This article introduces the Building ideas of the monitoring platform and tells how to construct it, provides some reference for the system operation and maintenance industry.

  Design and Implementation of Beijing agricultural machinery management system 2014, 4 (8):  96-100.  Abstract + ( 1095 )   PDF ( 1818KB )   ( 1421 ) In order to solve the problems exposed in the farming process large agricultural machinery unit of Beijing city information lag, poor timeliness and the lack of effective means of agricultural machinery operation etc. This paper designs the agricultural management and scheduling system for senior managers, middle-level managers and grass roots agricultural hand application。The system can realize the main functions of information management, equipment monitoring, navigation, mobile command center, The realization of this system provides a feasible solution for real-time monitoring and effective scheduling of agricultural information resources, rapid acquisition of agricultural remote。

  Exploration and Consideration on the Sustainable Development of Ankang Mountain Tobacco 2014, 4 (8):  101-104.  Abstract + ( 1078 )   PDF ( 1460KB )   ( 1217 ) the road of the sustainable development of the quality and characteristics of tobacco is the only way for Chinese tobacco documentary to development. Combined with the tobacco development in Ankang mountainous area, this study analyzed the factors which restrict the sustainable development of Ankang tobacco, put forward the development countermeasures and suggestions, strengthen the integration of land resources, established basic tobacco field protection system, so as to solve the problem where plant tobacco, cultivated occupation farmers, strengthened the construction of tobacco technician team, so as to solve the problem who plant tobacco, improved science and technology innovation , implemented specification technique, perfected the organization mode of tobacco production, improved tobacco production guarantee mechanism, so as to solve the problem how plant tobacco .

  Development Course and Status of Tilapia Industry in Yunnan 2014, 4 (8):  105-109.  Abstract + ( 1313 )   PDF ( 1510KB )   ( 1231 ) Yunnan is an emerging province of tilapia production, which has a great increase production and an obvious growth, but has few research reports. In order to provide reference for the development of industry in the province and even the country, this paper mainly introduces the development course and status of tilapia industry in Yunnan Province, including production, technology, circulation, consumption, trade and supply and demand. At the same time, authors suggests to choose efficient breeding mode, expand domestic demand, improve the added value of deep processing of tilapia, popularize the cooking methods for multi-channel and multi-faceted development.

  The development situation and counter-measures on Dendrobium candidum industry in Guangdong 2014, 4 (8):  110-111.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   PDF ( 1080KB )   ( 1859 ) This paper analyzes the characteristics of Dendrobium candidum industry, on the basis of investigation expounds the present conditions of Dendrobium candidum industry in Guangdong, and based on the diamond theory to analyze the Dendrobium candidum industry of Guangdong, puts forward the suggestions and Countermeasures for the development of Dendrobium candidum industry.

  The Comparative Advantages of Potato Industry in Siziwang Banner 2014, 4 (8):  112-117.  Abstract + ( 1158 )   PDF ( 1281KB )   ( 1097 ) The potato as the traditional dominant crop of Siziwang Banner, it plays an important role in agricultural product and increasing of farmers’ income in local area. The paper which based on the review of the theory of comparative advantage, used the targets in production scale advantages and indicators of productivity advantages and comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the comparative advantages of index system, reviewed the comparative advantage of the potato industry in Siziwang Banner. The results showed that the production of a comprehensive comparative advantage and comparative scale advantages were obvious in potato industry Siziwangqi Banner, but there was no sustained growth, and the advantages of index down there, which had a great relationship with this mode of operation and production behind, asymmetric information, marketing difficult, potato processing capacity backwardness, low value-added products unfavorable factors. For this, the writer proposed that the local should change the mode of operation, change in marketing concepts, improve value-added products to promote the development of the potato industry.

  Discuss on Construction of the Third-party Assessment System of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements in China under New Situation 2014, 4 (8):  118-124.  Abstract + ( 1051 )   PDF ( 1452KB )   ( 1306 ) The third-party assessment of science and technology achievements refers to a kind of payment evaluating activities which are completed independently by some special social institutions with evaluation qualifications and ability, the level and value of the achievements are evaluated by the aspects of scientificalness, creativeness and industrialization prospect according to the relevant regulations, procedures and standards. At present, there are still some problems on the evaluation of the agricultural science and technology achievements in China, for example, achievements appraisal and the third-party assessment coexist, the evaluation which promote the trade and industry is less, the legal effect of the third-party assessment report is not clear, the classified index system is not perfect and the evaluation level of the expert need to improve. After 5 years pilot work of the third-party assessment by the ministry of science and technology, plenty of experience has accumulated, the policy environment in which constructing the third-party assessment system of agricultural science and technology achievements is maturing gradually, and we put forward following 5 suggestions about the industry management, classified evaluation, evaluation agency qualification, qualification admittance of the jobholder and social supervision mechanism on constructing the third-party assessment system of agricultural science and technology achievements in China.