Abstract: In order to study the combining ability of spike characters in winter wheat and select excellent parents for breeding, with 9 wheat varieties planted widely in Huang-huai wheat area of‘shi4185’,‘shiH06-402’,‘jimai22’etc. as material, 36 cross combinations were compounded based on the diallel crossing system 4 of Griffing. Five wheat traits of spike length, kertile spikelets per spike, kernel per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain weight per spike were investigated, and on this basis combining ability analysis and heritability analysis were conducted on these traits. The results indicated that the general combining ability of kernel per spike of‘shiH06-402’and‘yannong19’were remarkably high, which could increase kernel per spike of progenies, and of thousand kernel weight of‘shi4185’and‘jimai22’was obviously large, which were ideal parents for improving thousand kernel weight. As parents, these varieties could effectively improve grain weight per spike. jimai22×yunmai18, shiH06-402×liangxing66, shi4185×jimai22 could be utilized as key cross for high- yield breeding. The heritability analysis showed that both heritability in broad sense and heritability in narrow sense of spike length were higher, and selection on this trait should be conducted from earlier generation. Heritability in narrow sense of thousand kernel weight and grain weight per spike was comparatively low, it showed that their additive genetic effect was small, so it was better to delay selective generations appropriately. Inheritance of kertile spikelets per spike and kernel per spike agreed with dominance model, selection on the two traits should be conducted in advanced generation.