Abstract: To help use of straw mechanized returning to field and increasing yield and efficiency of wheat in rice-wheat rotation, effects of no-tillage, shallow tillage and total straw mechanized returning in situ on seed germination and grain yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that the treatment of no-tillage with total straw mulching had the highest grain yield, up to 6480.0 kg/hm2, followed by shallow tillage treatment without straw returning, and the treatment of shallow tillage with total straw returning had the lowest yield, 5524.5 kg/hm2. ANOVA results indicated that no-tillage, shallow tillage and total straw mechanized returning in situ had little effect on wheat yield, and there is no interaction between the two. Total straw mulching without tillage needed less cost, and production efficiency was improved. Taken together, the appropriate way to high yield and efficiency cultivation of wheat is no-tillage plus total straw covering in rice-wheat rotation.