Abstract: In order to make a fully understanding of the tree-crop intercropping development, taking Jiangxi Province as an example, the problem of tree-crop intercropping development was probed, thus to promote a sound and fast development of forestry and agriculture. This paper analyzed the significance, models, characteristics and existing problems in the tree-crop intercropping development in Jiangxi Province and put forward the corresponding countermeasures for a sustainable development on the basis of investigation and analysis. The authors believe that: (1) the exploitation and development of tree-crop intercropping in Jiangxi Province have significance in making a full use of resources, increasing land output, improving economic efficiency, expanding employment, improving the ecological environment, reducing natural disasters, maintaining food security and promoting the construction of ecological civilization; (2) in Jiangxi Province, the main models of tree- crop intercropping include mountain tree- crop intercropping, farmland tree- crop intercropping, vegetable garden tree- crop intercropping, aquatic tree- crop intercropping, courtyard intercropping of trees and crops and so on; (3) these models of tree-crop intercropping have characteristics including large areas, multiple models, wide distribution, rapid development, good benefits, great potential and so on; (4) according to the survey, there are lots of problems in the tree-crop intercropping development, such as low utilization rate of land, low rate of mature, low output, low efficiency, low input, low degree of attention, poor production conditions, unbalanced development, extensive management and other issues. In view of the existing problems, the following measures should be taken: increasing investment, improving conditions, optimizing the structure, scale development and personnel training.