Abstract:

The study aims to obtain high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques of saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice varieties with the growth period about 120 days under water direct seeding cultivation. Taking early-maturing japonica rice variety ‘Jihong No.6’ as the experimental material, the cross test was conducted with irrigation and drainage, seed soaking and sowing, pest and weed control and the best mode of fertilization in 3‰-6‰ moderate saline-alkali soil. After three years of experimental research, the technical regulations of high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding of early-maturing rice varieties with saline-alkali tolerance were obtained. The regulation stipulated (1) the high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding cultivation technology in coastal saline-alkali land; (2) the quality of high-quality rice germplasm with 120 days of growth period, and the technical requirements of soaking seed and deep ploughing in spring; (3) the technical regulations of irrigation and drainage, underground pest control, grass pest control, disease control and fertilization management in sowing, emergence, tillering, long panicle and seed setting stages; (4) the standard of timely harvest at the end of wax ripening and the early stage of late ripening; and (5) the requirements of threshing, transportation and storage of rice. According to the technical specification, there is no need to soak the field, and the water consumption could be saved up to 50%. Late sowing could control the grain filling period in mid-September and effectively prevent bird damage. Timely harvest can significantly improve the eating quality of rice.

Key words: coastal saline-alkali land, saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice, water direct seeding, key technology