Abstract:

In order to excavate and utilize excellent buckwheat germplasm resources, select buckwheat varieties suitable for planting in the hilly and gully areas of northern Shaanxi, and provide a basis for buckwheat production, processing and application, in this study, seven sweet buckwheat varieties introduced and collected were used as test materials. Through three consecutive years of different regional trials, the phenological phase, agronomic traits, stress resistance and economic yield of the varieties were identified and evaluated. The results showed that the growth period of the tested varieties was 68-76 days, which belonged to early-maturing varieties; the plant height was 124.5-143.6 cm, the number of main stem branches was 3.3-4.4, the number of main stem nodes was 12.2-14.3, the flower color was white and pink, the grain shape was short pyramid, and the grain color was brown. Except that ‘TQ17-01’ mature grains had color conformity, the heterochromatic rate of mature grains of other varieties was 5%-10%, and all the tested varieties showed strong drought resistance and adaptability. The grain weight per plant of the tested varieties was 7.0-12.9 g, the thousand-grain weight was 21.0-27.6 g, and the yield was 1315.0-1742.3 kg/hm².Through identification and evaluation, three excellent resources, ‘TQ17-03’ (‘Xinong T1351’), ‘Yantianqiao 1’ (CK) and ‘TQ17-05’ (‘Ansaipingqiao buckwheat’), were screened out. Among the three varieties, ‘TQ17-03’ had bright red flowers, stems and leaves, long ornamental period and could be planted as an ornamental plant in cultural tourism areas; ‘Yantianqiao 1’ had good quality and strong adaptability, and was suitable for processing flavor snacks and food; ‘TQ17-05’ had high grain weight per plant, high thousand-grain weight, strong resistance to stress and great potential for increasing yield, and it could be promoted for large scale planting. The study could provide a basis for selection, production and processing of buckwheat varieties in the hilly and gully areas of northern Shaanxi.

Key words: buckwheat, variety resources, identification, evaluation, hilly and gully area of northern Shaanxi