Molecular Breeding of Brassica oleracea Vegetables: A Review

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0220

Abstract

Abstract:

Cultivated Brassica oleracea is an important component of Chinese vegetables, and conventional breeding is the bottleneck for genetic improvement of Brassica oleracea in terms of yield and quality. Molecular breeding strategy can improve plant breeding efficiently. To improve molecular breeding of Brassica oleracea, the domestic and foreign research on the application of molecular breeding of Brassica oleracea vegetables are summarized from the aspects of high-quality genome and database, localization and cloning of genes related to target traits, breeding assisted by molecular markers, and gene editing. The core and key of large-scale germplasm innovation are identified as the genetic networks which can dissect and control important agronomic traits. The study points out that gene editing can accelerate the process of molecular breeding in Brassica oleracea vegetables, and discusses the strategy to strengthen the molecular breeding of Brassica oleracea, aiming to provide theoretical reference for further research.

Key words: molecular breeding, Brassica oleracea, genetic improvement breeding, functional genome

YANG Yingxia, CHEN Rui, YAO Xingwei. Molecular Breeding of Brassica oleracea Vegetables: A Review[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(3): 44-51.

Figures/Tables 3

References 97

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品种	测序策略	组装基因组 (Mb)	锚定基因组(Mb)	Scaffold 50 (Mb)	基因数	参考文献
02-2	Illumina + Roche 454 + Sanger + genetic map	539.91	389	1.457	45,758	[2]
TO1000	Illumina + Roche 454 + Sanger + genetic map	488.6	460	0.85	59,225	[3]
HDEM	Illumina + Nanopore + Bionano physical map + genetic map	554.97	528.9	29.516	61,270	[4]
C-8	Illumina + Nanopore	584.6	-	2.11	47,772	[5]
D134	Illumina + Nanopore +Hi-C	529.9	-	61.74	44,701	[6]
JZS	Illumina + PacBio + Hi-C	561.16	-	2.37	59,064	[7]
Korso_1401	PacBio + Illumina + Bionano + Hi-C	566.9	549.7	4.97	60,640	[8]
OX-heart_923	PacBio + Illumina + Bionano + Hi-C	587.7	565.4	3.10	62,232	[8]

品种	测序策略	组装基因组 (Mb)	锚定基因组(Mb)	Scaffold 50 (Mb)	基因数	参考文献
02-2	Illumina + Roche 454 + Sanger + genetic map	539.91	389	1.457	45,758	[2]
TO1000	Illumina + Roche 454 + Sanger + genetic map	488.6	460	0.85	59,225	[3]
HDEM	Illumina + Nanopore + Bionano physical map + genetic map	554.97	528.9	29.516	61,270	[4]
C-8	Illumina + Nanopore	584.6	-	2.11	47,772	[5]
D134	Illumina + Nanopore +Hi-C	529.9	-	61.74	44,701	[6]
JZS	Illumina + PacBio + Hi-C	561.16	-	2.37	59,064	[7]
Korso_1401	PacBio + Illumina + Bionano + Hi-C	566.9	549.7	4.97	60,640	[8]
OX-heart_923	PacBio + Illumina + Bionano + Hi-C	587.7	565.4	3.10	62,232	[8]

性状	甘蓝种	性状相关基因	参考文献
雄性不育	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCYP704B1	[19]
雄性不育	B.oleracea var.botrytis	BoGH3.13-1	[20]
开花及花球形成	B.oleracea var.botrytis	CDAG1	[21]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoFLC2、BoFLC3	[22]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BolGRF6	[23]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoFLC1.C9	[24]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	BobCAL	[25]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	AP1、CAL	[26]
	B.oleracea	miR172D、 BoFLC.C2	[27]
抗虫/抗病性	B.oleracea	FocBo1	[28]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	Cry1Aa	[29]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	Ppa207	[30]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	Bol031422	[31]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	AvrLm14	[32]
花青素合成	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYC1.2 (bHLH)、BoTTG1 (WDR)	[33]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoPr	[34]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoNAC019	[35]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYBL2-1	[36]
	B.oleracea var.italica	qPH.C01-2	[37]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoTT8	[38]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	Gr	[39]
	B.oleracea	BoMYB2	[40]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoDFR1	[41]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYB113.1、BoMYBL2.1	[42]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoLBD	[43]
硫代葡萄糖苷合成	B.oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey	MYB28	[44]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoMYB51	[45]
	B.oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey	BoaMYB51s	[46]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoMYB29	[47]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoTSB1、BoTSB2	[48]
自交不亲和	B.oleracea var.capitata	MLPKn1	[49]
杂交致死	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoHL1、BoHL2	[50]
蜡质合成	B.oleracea var.capitata	Cgl1	[51]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoWax1	[52]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoGL-3	[53]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCER2	[54]
非生物胁迫	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoRACK1	[55]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoALMT1	[56]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BocMBF1c	[57]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCSDP5v	[58]
叶型	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoFL	[59]
叶型	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoLMI1a	[60]
叶绿素含量	B.oleracea var.italica	Bol-miR171b	[61]
有毛/无毛	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoTRY	[62]

性状	甘蓝种	性状相关基因	参考文献
雄性不育	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCYP704B1	[19]
雄性不育	B.oleracea var.botrytis	BoGH3.13-1	[20]
开花及花球形成	B.oleracea var.botrytis	CDAG1	[21]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoFLC2、BoFLC3	[22]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BolGRF6	[23]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoFLC1.C9	[24]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	BobCAL	[25]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	AP1、CAL	[26]
	B.oleracea	miR172D、 BoFLC.C2	[27]
抗虫/抗病性	B.oleracea	FocBo1	[28]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	Cry1Aa	[29]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	Ppa207	[30]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	Bol031422	[31]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	AvrLm14	[32]
花青素合成	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYC1.2 (bHLH)、BoTTG1 (WDR)	[33]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoPr	[34]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoNAC019	[35]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYBL2-1	[36]
	B.oleracea var.italica	qPH.C01-2	[37]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoTT8	[38]
	B.oleracea var.botrytis	Gr	[39]
	B.oleracea	BoMYB2	[40]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoDFR1	[41]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoMYB113.1、BoMYBL2.1	[42]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoLBD	[43]
硫代葡萄糖苷合成	B.oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey	MYB28	[44]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoMYB51	[45]
	B.oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey	BoaMYB51s	[46]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoMYB29	[47]
	B.oleracea var.italica	BoTSB1、BoTSB2	[48]
自交不亲和	B.oleracea var.capitata	MLPKn1	[49]
杂交致死	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoHL1、BoHL2	[50]
蜡质合成	B.oleracea var.capitata	Cgl1	[51]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoWax1	[52]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoGL-3	[53]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCER2	[54]
非生物胁迫	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoRACK1	[55]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoALMT1	[56]
	B.oleracea var.acephala	BocMBF1c	[57]
	B.oleracea var.capitata	BoCSDP5v	[58]
叶型	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoFL	[59]
叶型	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoLMI1a	[60]
叶绿素含量	B.oleracea var.italica	Bol-miR171b	[61]
有毛/无毛	B.oleracea var.acephala	BoTRY	[62]

甘蓝种	敲除基因	表型	基因功能	参考文献
B.oleracea var.capitata	FRI	早花	通过激活开花抑制基因FLC的表达来抑制开花	[88]
	PDS	白化苗	调控叶片白化的关键基因	[88]
	BoSRK3	-	抑制自交不亲和性	[89]
	BoPDS	白化苗	在植物中具有光保护作用且可以影响类胡萝卜素合成
	BoMS1	雄性不育	雄性不育
	GIGANTEA (GI)	早花	调节开花时间	[90]
	BoPDS	白化苗	调控叶片白化的关键基因	[91]
	MYB28	低含量芥子油苷	参与脂肪族芥子油苷(A-GSL)的生物合成	[92]
	BoCER1	表皮无蜡	叶表皮蜡质合成相关	[93]
B.oleracea var.acephala	BolC.GA4.a	植株矮化	参与赤霉素生物合成	[94]
B.oleracea	BoFAD2	-	催化油酸脱氢形成	[95]
B.oleracea var. alboglabra	BaPDS	白化苗	调控叶片白化的关键基因	[96]