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农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (11): 32-36.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19030025

所属专题: 小麦

• 土壤肥料/资源环境/生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田和抽穗期灌水对冬小麦生长性状及产量因子的效应研究

贾丽娜1(), 张俊丽1(), 高红兵1, 刘滔2, 韩宏2, 杨东亚1, 张嘉梅1   

  1. 1渭南市农业技术推广中心,陕西渭南714000
    2渭南市农业科学研究所,陕西渭南714000
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-20 修回日期:2019-08-08 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 张俊丽,张嘉梅 E-mail:841429087@qq.com;junlizhang2011@163.com
  • 作者简介:贾丽娜,女,1968年出生,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事农业技术研究与推广工作。通信地址:714000 陕西省渭南市东风街中段60号渭南市农业技术推广中心,Tel:0913-2338565,E-mail:841429087@qq.com

Straw Returning and Irrigation at Heading Stage: Effects on Growth Traits and Yield Factors of Winter Wheat

Jia Lina1(), Zhang Junli1(), Gao Hongbing1, Liu Tao2, Han Hong2, Yang Dongya1, Zhang Jiamei1   

  1. 1Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Weinan, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi, China
    2Agricultural Science Research Institute of Weinan, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2019-03-20 Revised:2019-08-08 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-11-18
  • Contact: Zhang Junli,Zhang Jiamei E-mail:841429087@qq.com;junlizhang2011@163.com

摘要:

为解决灌区秸秆还田小麦出现的缺苗断垄、黄苗死苗、病害加重、成熟期倒伏等问题,本试验以当地常规管理技术为对照,探讨秸秆还田和灌溉因素对小麦生长及产量的交互影响,为当地灌区小麦优质丰产栽培技术集成提供科学借鉴。采用裂区设计,主区设S0—秸秆不还田,SR—秸秆还田;副区设I0—抽穗期不灌水,IH—抽穗期灌水。共设S0I0、S0IH、SRI0、SRIH 4个处理组合,3次重复。结果显示:SR处理较S0处理小麦出苗率平均值降低14.9%~20.2%;SR处理小麦苗期个体生长发育较好;处理组合SRIH较处理组合S0IH、S0I0、SRI0分别增产8.0%、19.9%、24.0%;成熟期株高IH处理高于I0处理8.9~9.6 cm,SR处理较S0处理平均高1.3 cm;处理组合SRIH倒伏率较处理组合S0IH、S0I0、SRI0分别增加18.6%、39.3%、39.3%;还田小麦枯白穗率没有增加。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 抽穗期灌水, 冬小麦, 生长性状, 产量因子, 效应

Abstract:

To solve the problems in wheat production under straw returning in the irrigation area, such as deficiency and vacancy of seedlings, dead or yellow seedlings, aggravation of wheat disease, plant lodging at maturation stage, we studied the interaction of straw returning and irrigation on growth and yield of wheat with the local conventional management technology as the control. By adopting the split plot design, we set 2 levels in the main plot (S0, non-straw returning; SR, straw returning), and 2 levels in the split plot (I0, non-irrigation at heading stage; IH, irrigation at heading stage), set up 4 treatments combination (S0I0, S0IH, SRI0 and SRIH) and repeated 3 times. The results showed that: the average wheat seedling rate of SR was less than that of S0 by 14.9%-20.2%; the individual growth and development of wheat of SR was better than that of S0 at seedling stage; the SRIH increased yield by 8.0%, 19.9% and 24.0%, respectively, compared with that of S0IH, S0I0, SRI0; the plant height at maturation stage of IH was 8.9-9.6 cm higher than that of I0, and the height of SR was 1.3 cm higher than that of S0; the plant lodging percentage of SRIH at wheat maturation stage was 18.6%, 39.3% and 39.3% higher than that of S0IH, S0I0, SRI0, respectively. The wheat dry white spike rate of SR did not increase.

Key words: Straw Returning, Irrigation at Heading Stage, Winter Wheat, Growth Traits, Yield Factors, Effects

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