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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (9): 28-32.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800153

所属专题: 小麦

• 土壤肥料/资源环境/生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同磷肥用量及施用方式对土壤有效磷分布和冬小麦产量的影响

李娟茹1(), 孙明清1, 张辉1, 宋小颖1, 侯大山2, 高倩1, 张广辉1(), 徐彩玲3, 邰风雷4, 刘鑫翠1, 李光1, 常苑苑1   

  1. 1石家庄市农业技术推广中心,石家庄 050051
    2石家庄市行政审批服务中心,石家庄 050000
    3石家庄市农业广播电视学校,石家庄 050051
    4辛集市农业技术推广中心,河北辛集 052360
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-14 修回日期:2020-02-03 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 张广辉 E-mail:juanruli@163.com;sjztfz@163.com
  • 作者简介:李娟茹,女,1975年出生,河北元氏人,推广研究员,本科,主要从事土壤肥料技术研究推广。通信地址:050000 河北省石家庄市友谊北大街59号 石家庄市农业技术推广中心,Tel:0311-83624523,E-mail: juanruli@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省现代农业产业体系项目“石家庄优质强筋小麦节水高产综合试验推广站”(HBCT2013010201);石家庄市高层次人才支持计划

Effects of Different Phosphate Fertilizer Dosages and Application Methods on Soil Available Phosphorus Distribution and Winter Wheat Yield

Li Juanru1(), Sun Mingqing1, Zhang Hui1, Song Xiaoying1, Hou Dashan2, Gao Qian1, Zhang Guanghui1(), Xu Cailing3, Tai Fenglei4, Liu Xincui1, Li Guang1, Chang Yuanyuan1   

  1. 1Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050051, Heibei, China
    2Administrative Examination and Approval Service Center of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050000, Heibei, China
    3Shijiazhuang Agricultural Radio and Television School, Shijiazhuang 050051, Heibei, China
    4Agricultural Technical Promotion Center of Xinji, Xinji 052360, Hebei, China
  • Received:2019-08-14 Revised:2020-02-03 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-30
  • Contact: Zhang Guanghui E-mail:juanruli@163.com;sjztfz@163.com

摘要:

为了最大程度提高磷肥的增产潜力,实现冀中南施肥减量增效,通过田间试验和室内检测的方法,研究了以固体磷肥全部底施为对照,不同施磷处理对土壤有效磷分布和冬小麦产量及产量因素的影响。结果表明:(1)与习惯施磷肥方式相比,水肥一体化喷施液磷肥可使20~60 cm土层有效磷含量提高明显;(2)减少基施固体磷肥,改为春季水肥一体化喷施液态磷肥,可增加穗粒数和千粒重,提高冬小麦产量;(3)磷肥施用宜底施固体(P2O5) 90 kg/hm2的基础上,春季喷施液态(P2O5) 30 kg/hm2小麦产量效果为佳。底施固体磷肥,并在春季分2次平均水肥一体化追施液体磷肥,可实现磷肥施用“下移增效”。

关键词: 磷肥, 施肥量, 施用方式, 土壤, 有效磷, 冬小麦, 产量

Abstract:

To maximize the yield increasing potential of phosphate fertilizer, it is necessary to reduce the amount and increase the efficiency of fertilizer application in middle and south area of Hebei Province. Through field experiments and laboratory tests, the effects of different P application treatments on soil available P distribution, winter wheat yield and yield factors are studied. The results show that (1) compared with the conventional application of phosphate fertilizer, the integration of water and fertilizer could significantly increase the available phosphorus content in the 20-60 cm soil layer; (2) to reduce the base application of solid phosphate fertilizer and adopt the integrated spraying of liquid phosphate fertilizer with water in spring could increase the kernels per spike and 1000-grain weight and increase the yield of winter wheat; (3) on the basis of 90 kg/hm2 solid (P2O5) as appropriate base application of phosphate fertilizer, wheat yield is better by spraying 30 kg/hm2 liquid (P2O5) in spring. Base application of solid phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) and dressing water-fertilizer twice in spring could achieve the application of phosphate fertilizer “downward shift to increase efficiency”.

Key words: Phosphate Fertilizer, Application Dosage, Fertilization Method, Soil, Available Phosphorus, Winter Wheat, Yield

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