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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (6): 49-53.

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同氮源与镁配施对马铃薯产量、品质及养分吸收的影响

丁玉川 焦晓燕 聂督 李丽君 黄明镜   

  • 收稿日期:2012-01-18 修回日期:2012-02-15 出版日期:2012-06-20 发布日期:2012-06-20
  • 基金资助:

    蔬菜作物氮镁交互作用效应及其机制研究

Effects of Combined Application of Different Nitrogen Source and Magnesium Fertilizer on Yield, Quality and Nutrient Uptake of Potato

  • Received:2012-01-18 Revised:2012-02-15 Online:2012-06-20 Published:2012-06-20

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摘要：

为了给马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)高产优质栽培技术提供理论依据，在大田试验条件下，设置硝态氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和铵态氮混合3个氮源，0、75、300 kg/hm2 3个硫酸镁施用量，研究不同氮源与镁配合施用对马铃薯产量、品质及养分吸收的影响。结果表明，不同氮源对马铃薯块茎产量没有显著影响，但不同氮源与镁肥配施对马铃薯块茎产量有明显的影响，单施硝态氮与镁肥配合或硝态氮和铵态氮混合与镁肥配合都能提高马铃薯大、中块茎比例。不同氮源与镁配施对马铃薯块茎总淀粉、粗蛋白含量没有显著的影响，全硝态氮或50%硝态氮+50%铵态氮混合与硫酸镁75 kg/hm2配合对马铃薯鲜块茎维生素Ｃ含量有明显的影响。不同氮源与镁配施对马铃薯块茎氮、磷、钾和镁养分吸收量有显著的影响。不同氮源对马铃薯块茎氮、磷、钾和镁养分吸收量没有显著影响。除钾吸收量没有受到施镁的影响外，马铃薯块茎中的氮、磷和镁养分吸收量随施镁量增加而相应增加。本研究结果表明，等量硝态氮和铵态氮混合与适量镁肥配合施用可增加马铃薯块茎产量、提高养分吸收、改善品质和提高商品率。

关键词: 间作, 间作, 绿肥, 幼龄茶园, 有效锌, 养分

Abstract:

In order to provide theoretical basis to potato high yield and high quality cultural techniques, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of combined application of different nitrogen source and magnesium fertilizer on yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers under field experimental conditions. The experiment design was the randomized complete block with three replications. Three nitrogen source (sole nitrate, sole ammonium, nitrate and ammonium mixed) and three rates of magnesium fertilizer (0, 75, 300 kg/hm2) were employed. The results showed that the different nitrogen forms had not significant influence on the yield of potato tubers, whereas the combined application of different nitrogen source and magnesium fertilizer had significant effects on the yield of potato tubers. Moreover, both sole nitrate (NO3-) supply, and mixed supply of nitrate and ammonium (NH4+) supply with Mg application can enhance the ratio of large and medium tubers of potato. The contents of total starch and crude protein in tubers of potato were not influenced by the combined application of different nitrogen source and magnesium fertilizer. Sole nitrate supply, or mixed supply of 50% nitrate and 50% ammonium, with 75 kg/hm2 magnesium application had a significant effect on the content of vitamin C in the fresh tubers of potato. The combined application of different nitrogen source and magnesium fertilizer had a significant impact on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and magnesium uptake by potatoes tubers. The different nitrogen source had not significant effect on the uptake of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and magnesium of potato tubers. Except for potassium uptake, the uptake of nitrogen, phosphate and magnesium in potato tubers was increased with the rate of magnesium application increase. This study indicates that mixed supply of 50% nitrate and 50% ammonium with appropriate magnesium fertilizer can increase potato tubers yield and nutrient uptake, improve quality and raise commodity rate of potato.