葡萄及其制品中真菌毒素研究进展

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 葡萄在生产、贮藏和加工过程中,受环境条件的影响可能受到真菌的污染,进而产生不同的真菌毒素,影响葡萄及其制品的质量安全,给人类健康带来安全风险。有关葡萄及其制品中真菌毒素的研究,多集中在欧美等葡萄产区国家,我国在这方面研究以及相关的文献报道还比较少。本文系统分析了污染葡萄及其制品的真菌类型、污染条件以及产生真菌毒素的种类和含量；通过真菌毒素产生环境的介绍,提出了防治真菌毒素污染的控制手段,特别是真菌毒素分子生物学的深入研究,在区分真菌毒素种类和制定真菌毒素污染的控制技术方面可有效提供技术支撑。比较各国真菌毒素检测方法的研究,发现我国在研究水果及其制品中真菌毒素的检测方法、制定标准和真菌毒素在水果及其制品中的最大残留限量标准方面都存在不足。最后,提出了我国开展真菌毒素在葡萄及其制品中的研究方向。

关键词: 铜离子浓度, 铜离子浓度, 温度, 循环水养殖系统, 菌落总数

Abstract: Fungi are major pathogens that cause contamination during grape production, storage and transportation. Several classes of mycotoxins produced by fungi can simultaneously contaminate grape. In addition to their ability to cause spoilage of grape fruit and its related products, these mycotoxins can cause potential harm to human health. Studies of mycotoxins in grapes and its products are more concentrated in the main grape production areas such as Europe and the United States, but less literature about this research is reported in China. This paper systematically analyses the kinds of fungus that contaminate grapes and its related products, pollution conditions, types of mycotoxins and pollution levels. Through the introduction of environment that produces mycotoxins, it develops prevention strategies and control methods of mycotoxin contamination. With advancement of scientific research in molecular biology of mycotoxins, progress has been achieved in identification of mycotoxins and development of techniques in controlling contamination of mycotoxins. This review found that standards of the maximum residue levels and determination methods of mycotoxins in fruit and its products in China wereSinsufficient by comparing determination methods of mycotoxins in other countries. Finally, it proposes future research direction of mycotoxins in grape and its related products in China.

谢汉忠,黄玉南,李君,庞荣丽,乔成奎,成昕. 葡萄及其制品中真菌毒素研究进展[J]. 农学学报, 2017, 7(12): 70-75.

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