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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (3): 36-40.

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

西兰花定植苗龄与幼苗质量、生育期、商品性及产量的相关性研究

刘伟明 汪恩国 林俊   

  • 收稿日期:2011-09-26 修回日期:2011-11-16 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-03-20
  • 基金资助:

    应对日本“肯定列表制度”的西兰花生产技术研究集成与产业化开发

The Correlation Studies of Seedling Age of Plantation and its Seedling Quality, Reproductive Stage, Commercial and Production in Broccoli

  • Received:2011-09-26 Revised:2011-11-16 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-03-20

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摘要：

为进一步提高西兰花优质栽培技术，明确不同苗龄定植与其产量和品质的相互关系，增强西兰花产业的竞争力，开展西兰花定植苗龄与其幼苗质量、生育期、商品性及产量的相关性研究，并建立相应的回归数学模型，从多角度提供西兰花高产优质栽培的技术依据。结果表明，随着定植苗龄的增加，其单株生长势和单株生物量增加，但其壮苗指数表现为“小-大-小”变化特征，其营养生长期、花球生育期及全生育期随之拉长并呈线性变化趋势，其花球蕾粒密度、商品花球合格率及花球产量则为“低-高-低”的曲线变动，以35~40天苗龄定植为宜，品质优、产量高。通过对试验结果的分析，建立了不同苗龄（d）与壮苗指数（p）的曲线关系模型：p=-0.0004d2+0.035d-0.3952，不同定植苗龄（d）与其营养生长期（e）、花球生育期（f）、全生育期（g）的线性关系模型：e=1.52d+40.66，f=0.3143d+24.714，g=1.8343d+65.381；以及不同定植苗龄（d）与其蕾粒密度（x）和商品花球合格率（u）、花球产量（y）的关系模型：x=-0.0901d2+6.4756d-41.614，u=-0.1037d2+7.5757d-46.929，y=-40.497d2+3089d-31257。应用这些规律和模型，对有效提高安全优质栽培水平具有良好的指导、参考作用。

关键词: 生物炭, 生物炭, 溶磷细菌, 土壤有效磷, 土壤碱性磷酸酶, 红壤茶园

Abstract:

In order to improve the cultural techniques, definitude the relationship between the different seedling ages of plantation and its production and quality, strengthen the competitiveness of broccoli industry, we carried out the correlation studies of seedling age of plantation and its seedling quality, reproductive stage, commercial and production in Broccoli, and constructed the related regression mathematical models to provide the technical basis for cultivation of top quality and high production of broccoli. The results were as follow: with the increase of seedling age of plantation, the individual growth potential and biomass also increased, while the numbers of sound seedling showed a “few-many-few” characteristic. Meanwhile the vegetative stage, the curd and whole reproductive stage were longer and displayed a linear change trend. In addition, the bud density of curd, the rate of commercial curd and the production of curd displayed a “low-high-low” curve movement. The best seedling age of plantation of broccoli was 35-40 d, which could give consideration to both the high-quality and high-yield. By the analysis of the experiment results, the curve model between the different seedling age of plantation (d) and the sound seedling index (p), the linear models between seedling age of plantation (d) and the vegetative stage (e), the curd reproductive stage (f), the whole reproductive stage (g), the relational models between the different seedling age of plantation (d) and the bud density of curd (x), the rate of commercial curd (u), the production of curd (y) were built as follow: p=-0.0004d2+0.035d-0.3952, e=1.52d+40.66, f=0.3143d+24.714, g=1.8343x+65.381, x=-0.0901d2+6.4756d-41.614, u=-0.1037d2+7.5757d-46.929, y=-40.497d2+3089d-31257. We believed that rational use of these change laws and mathematical models would provide an opportunity to improve safe, excellence cultivation of broccoli efficiently.