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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 7-15.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0079

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

高粱杂交种氮高效利用综合评价

姜艳喜(), 严洪冬, 苏德峰, 焦少杰, 王黎明, 马子竣, 吴振阳   

  1. 黑龙江省农业科学院作物资源研究所，哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-16 修回日期:2023-07-24 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-02-16
  • 作者简介:

    姜艳喜，男，1977年出生，黑龙江尚志人，副研究员，硕士研究生，主要从事高粱遗传育种研究。通信地址：150086 哈尔滨市南岗区学府路368号，Tel：0451-86613446，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目“禾谷类杂粮提质增效品种筛选及配套栽培技术”(2019YFD1001700); 现代农业产业技术体系资助项目“国家谷子高粱产业技术体系”(CARS-06-01-05); 黑龙江省重点研发计划资助项目“主要杂粮杂豆优质新品种选育与绿色轻简高效生产技术研究与示范”(GA21B009)

Comprehensive Evaluation of Nitrogen Efficient Utilization of Sorghum Hybrids

JIANG Yanxi(), YAN Hongdong, SU Defeng, JIAO Shaojie, WANG Liming, MA Zijun, WU Zhenyang   

  1. Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2023-03-16 Revised:2023-07-24 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-02-16

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摘要：

为从华北、东北高粱主产区筛选出适应当地生态条件、氮利用效率更高的优质高产高粱品种，以20份国内主推高粱品种为试验材料，采用裂区试验设计，研究供试品种在不同地点的氮肥农学效率和氮肥偏生产力表现。本研究旨在筛选出适宜当地生产的氮高效高粱品种。研究结果表明：基于粱氮素农学利用率和偏生产力，将20个高粱品种分为氮高效型、氮中效型和氮低效型3类，与氮中效型和低效型品种相比，氮高效型品种具有较高的产量。聚类分析表明，在东阳地区试验中，‘晋杂34’、‘辽糯11’、‘吉杂124’、‘晋早5564’和‘金糯粮5’在2年均为氮高效型品种，其中以‘晋杂34’表现最好。在哈尔滨地区试验中，‘龙杂22’、‘龙杂25’、‘沈杂5号’、‘冀酿3号’、‘凤杂4’、‘吉杂124’、‘吉杂127’、‘辽杂37’、‘晋早5564’、‘通杂108’和‘赤杂107’在2年均为氮高效型品种，其中以‘龙杂25’表现最好。因此，东阳地区较为适宜种植的氮高效品种为‘晋杂34’，哈尔滨地区较为适宜种植的氮高效品种为‘龙杂25’。

关键词: 高粱, 氮肥农学效率, 氮肥偏生产力, 氮高效, 品种筛选

Abstract:

To screen out good-quality and high-yield sorghum varieties which adapt to ecological conditions of local area and have higher nitrogen use efficiency in the main sorghum production areas of North China and Northeast China, 20 main sorghum varieties in China were used as experimental materials to study the agronomic efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of the varieties in different locations with split-plot experimental design. 20 sorghum varieties were divided into three groups of nitrogen efficiency including N high-efficiency variety, N medium-efficiency variety and N low-efficiency variety based on the agronomic utilization and partial productivity of nitrogen. The results showed that Compared with N -medium efficiency and N low-efficiency varieties, N high-efficiency varieties had higher yield. Cluster analysis showed that ‘Jinza 34’, ‘Liaonuo 11’, ‘Jiza 124’, ‘Jinzao 5564’ and ‘Jinnuoliang 5’ were nitrogen efficient varieties in Dongyang experiment in two years, and ‘Jinza 34’ was the best. In Harbin experiment, ‘Longza 22’, ‘Longza 25’, ‘Shenza 5’, ‘Jiniang 3’, ‘Fengza 4’, ‘Jiza 124’, ‘Jiza 127’, ‘Liaoza 37’, ‘Jinzao 5564’, ‘Tongza 108’ and ‘Chiza 107’ were nitrogen efficient varieties in two years, and ‘Longza 25’ was the best among all the varieties. Therefore, ‘Jinza 34’ was the most suitable N high-efficiency sorghum variety in Dongyang area, and ‘Longza 25’ was the most suitable N high-efficiency sorghum variety in Harbin area.

Key words: sorghum, agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen efficiency, variety screening