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农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (7): 24-35.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0137

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊数学方法的金昌市耕地质量评价及土壤养分空间特征分析

郑铭宇(), 蔡立群()   

  1. 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-30 修回日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-07-10
  • 通讯作者:
    蔡立群,男,1976年出生,甘肃金昌人,博士,教授,主要从事恢复生态学、耕作学方面的教学与研究。通信地址:730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区甘肃农业大学,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    郑铭宇,女,1999年出生,河北承德人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤资源评价及可持续利用。通信地址:730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区甘肃农业大学,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    金昌市耕地质量等级评价项目“金昌市耕地质量等级评价项目”(2021-GXGP)

Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation and Soil Nutrient Spatial Characteristics Analysis Based on Fuzzy Mathematics Method in Jinchang City

ZHENG Mingyu(), CAI Liqun()   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2023-05-30 Revised:2023-08-17 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-07-10

摘要:

本研究以金昌市为研究区,通过对市域范围内耕地质量等级、土壤养分特征和空间分异的分析,在保障精度的条件下,为耕地的科学施肥和提高土壤养分区域化管理水平提供依据。模糊数学作为一种对模糊现象进行定量分析的方法,在许多领域都有广泛的应用价值。基于地理信息系统技术,阐述了该方法如何对耕地质量进行评价。本研究以金昌市为例,以《耕地质量等级》国家标准为依据,采用县域耕地资源管理信息系统和GIS技术相结合的方法,对该地区耕地质量等级与养分含量的空间分布进行了分析与研究。结果表明:金昌市耕地质量等级处于一至六等地,无七至十等地,一等地为金昌市耕地主体,面积为80024.40 hm2,占金昌市总耕地的64.35%;金昌市耕地养分整体水平较为中等,土壤有机质含量多属中低等水平,总体呈现西高东低趋势;全氮含量多属低等水平,总体呈现西南高东北低的趋势;有效磷含量多属较高水平,总体呈现西南地区高于东北地区;速效钾含量多属中低等水平,总体呈现西高东低趋势。金昌市耕地质量总体状况较好,可以通过增施有机肥,提高土壤肥力,加大灌溉力度、加大节水技术推广力度,使土壤保水保肥。

关键词: 耕地质量等级, 模糊数学法, 层次分析法, 县域耕地资源管理信息系统, 土壤养分

Abstract:

Taking Jinchang City as the research area, this paper analyzed the quality grade, soil nutrient characteristics and spatial differentiation of cultivated land within the scope of the city, and provided the basis for scientific fertilization of cultivated land and improving the regional management level of soil nutrient under the condition of ensuring accuracy. As a quantitative method to analyze fuzzy phenomena, fuzzy mathematics has wide application value in many fields. Based on GIS technology, this paper explained how to use the method to evaluate cultivated land quality. Taking Jinchang City as an example, based on the national standard of Cultivated Land Quality Grade, this paper analyzed and studied the spatial distribution of cultivated land quality grade and nutrient content by combination of the county cultivated land resource management information system and GIS technology. The results showed that the quality of cultivated land in Jinchang was in grade 1 to grade 6, with no grade 7 to grade 10. The land of grade 1 was the main cultivated land in Jinchang, with an area of 80024.40 hm2, accounting for 64.35% of the total cultivated land in Jinchang. The overall nutrient level of cultivated land in Jinchang was relatively medium, and the content of soil organic matter was mostly low and medium, showing a trend of high in the west and low in the east. Total nitrogen content was mostly low, showing a trend of higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast. The content of available phosphorus was mostly at a high level, and it was generally higher in southwest than in northeast. The content of available potassium was mostly low and medium, with a general trend of high in the west and low in the east. The quality of cultivated land in Jinchang City was good. The soil fertility could be improved by increasing the application of organic fertilizer, increasing the intensity of irrigation, and increasing the popularization of water-saving technology, so as to keep the soil hydrated and fertile.

Key words: cultivated land quality grade, fuzzy mathematics, analytic hierarchy process, county cultivated land resource management information system, soil nutrient