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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 25-29.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0194

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物菌剂对设施土壤性质及芹菜生长的影响

郭鹏飞1(), 王小荣1, 孙喜军2(), 王琬2, 高莹3, 张博4, 黄涛5, 王鑫2, 王海音2, 赵亚娉2, 王艳2   

  1. 1 西安市农业综合执法支队， 西安 710003
    2 西安市农业技术推广中心， 西安 710061
    3 咸阳职业技术学院， 陕西咸阳 712000
    4 陕西省西咸新区基层工作部， 陕西咸阳 712099
    5 西安市高陵区农业技术推广中心， 西安 710200
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-10 修回日期:2025-12-08 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    孙喜军，男，1985年出生，甘肃庆阳人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事设施菜地土壤改良与修复方面的研究。通信地址：710061 陕西省西安市雁塔区长安南路140号 西安市农业技术推广中心，Tel：029-85222893，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郭鹏飞，男，1980年出生，陕西西安人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事土壤修复保护方面研究。通信地址：710003 陕西省西安市莲湖区北大街118号 宏府大厦B座11楼西安市农业综合执法支队，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    西安市科技局农业关键技术攻关一般项目“设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化生物改良关键技术研究”(25NJSYB00045); 西安市农业技术研发项目“西安市设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究”(20NYYF0044); 咸阳职业技术学院2021年度博士科研基金项目“国家中心城市近郊设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究-以西安市为例”(2021BK03)

Effects of Microbial Agents on Facility Soil Properties and Celery Growth

GUO Pengfei1(), WANG Xiaorong1, SUN Xijun2(), WANG Wan2, GAO Ying3, ZHANG Bo4, HUANG Tao5, WANG Xin2, WANG Haiyin2, ZHAO Yaping2, WANG Yan2   

  1. 1 Xi’an Agricultural Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade, Xi’an 71000
    2 Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710061
    3 Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shannxi 712000
    4 Shaanxi Xixian New District Grassroots Work Department, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712099
    5 Xi’an Gaoling District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710200
  • Received:2025-10-10 Revised:2025-12-08 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-15

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摘要：

为明确微生物菌剂对设施次生盐渍化土壤的改良效应及芹菜生长的调控作用，以西安市高陵区日光温室芹菜为研究对象，设置0、600、900、1200、1500、1800 kg/hm2共6个微生物菌剂施用量处理，采用完全随机区组设计，测定土壤农化性质、微生物数量以及芹菜生长、品质指标和产量，并分析其经济效益。结果表明：（1）与对照(CK)相比，微生物菌剂处理显著降低了土壤电导率（降幅14.08%~38.45%）和硝酸盐含量，但对土壤pH和有机质含量影响不显著。（2）菌剂施用显著提高了土壤微生物总数（增幅达103.42%），并优化了群落结构，细菌绝对优势得到强化，而真菌相对比例下降。（3）菌剂处理显著增加了芹菜茎粗（增幅2.41%~8.11%），提升了维生素C含量（最高提升63.80%），并降低了植株硝酸盐积累，但对株高和可溶性固形物含量影响不显著。（4）芹菜产量随菌剂用量增加而提高，但T4处理(1500 kg/hm2)的净增收额最高，达11804元/hm2，经济效益最优。施用微生物菌剂能有效改善设施土壤微生态环境，缓解次生盐渍化，优化微生物群落结构，并通过促进芹菜茎部生长、提升维生素C含量和降低硝酸盐含量来改善品质。综合来看，T4处理(1500 kg/hm2)为该试验条件下实现芹菜增产与经济效益协同提升的最佳施用剂量。

关键词: 微生物菌剂, 设施土壤, 芹菜, 硝酸盐, 电导率, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of applying different doses of microbial agents on improving the facility soil, regulating microbial community structure, promoting celery growth, and enhancing quality and economic benefits, to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the green production of celery in facilities. Under sunlight greenhouse conditions in Gaoling District, Xi’an City, celery was used as the test crop, and six treatments with different application rates of microbial agents (0, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 and 1800 kg/hm2) were set up. Using a completely randomized block design, soil agricultural chemical properties, microbial populations, celery growth, quality indicators, and yield were measured, and their economic benefits were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) compared with the control (CK), microbial agent treatments significantly reduced soil electrical conductivity (by 14.08%-38.45%) and nitrate content, but had no significant effect on soil pH or organic matter content. (2) The application of microbial agents significantly increased the total soil microbial population (by up to 103.42%) and optimized the community structure, reinforcing the absolute dominance of bacteria while reducing the relative proportion of fungi. (3) Microbial agent treatments significantly increased celery stem diameter (by 2.41%-8.11%) and vitamin C content (up to 63.80%), while reducing nitrate accumulation in the plants. However, no significant effects were observed on plant height or soluble solids content. (4) Celery yield increased with higher application rates of microbial agents, but the 1500 kg/hm2 treatment achieved the highest net income increase, reaching 11804 yuan/hm2, indicating the best economic benefit. Applying microbial inoculants can effectively improve the microecological environment of greenhouse soil, alleviate secondary salinization, optimize microbial community structure, and improve quality by promoting celery stem growth, increasing vitamin C content, and reducing nitrate content. Overall, the 1500 kg/hm2 treatment was the optimal application rate for achieving both celery yield increase and economic benefit improvement under the experimental conditions.

Key words: microbial agents, facility soil, celery, nitrate, electrical conductivity, quality, yield