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农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 20-24.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0004

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物菌剂哈茨木霉对向日葵菌核病的防治及产量影响

胡杨1(), 裴雪2, 曲志华1, 白苇1(), 靳涛1, 白海花1   

  1. 1 张家口市农业科学院, 河北张家口 075000
    2 北京科威拜沃生物技术有限公司, 北京 100080
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-06 修回日期:2025-04-27 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    白苇,男,1981年出生,河北张家口人,硕士研究生,副研究员,研究方向:向日葵育种与栽培。通信地址:075000 河北省张家口市桥西区清水河南路惠通街张家口市农业科学院,Tel:0313-7155774,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    胡杨,女,1993年出生,河北唐山人,硕士研究生,农艺师,研究方向:向日葵育种与栽培。通信地址:075000 河北省张家口市桥西区清水河南路惠通街张家口市农业科学院,Tel:0313-7155774,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“国家特色油料产业技术体系向日葵张家口综合试验站”(CARS-14-2-02)

Effect of Microbial Agent Trichoderma harzianum on Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Yield of Sunflowers

HU Yang1(), PEI Xue2, QU Zhihua1, BAI Wei1(), JIN Tao1, BAI Haihua1   

  1. 1 Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000
    2 Beijing Kewei Baiwo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100080
  • Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-04-27 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-15

摘要:

为了研究微生物菌剂哈茨木霉对向日葵菌核病的防治效果及产量影响,筛选出最佳的防治措施。以哈茨木霉菌可湿性粉剂(拜沃戴苗®)为试材,采用拌种和滴灌方式6个处理对向日葵进行田间预防,处理分别为T1:100 g/500 g拌种+1次15000 g/hm2滴灌、T2:100 g/500 g拌种+2次15000 g/hm2滴灌、T3:100 g/500 g拌种+2次7500 g/hm2滴灌、T4:100 g/500 g拌种+1次7500 g/hm2滴灌、T5:1次7500 g/hm2滴灌,设空白对照,在向日葵成熟期调查菌核病防效和相关性状。结果表明,使用哈茨木霉的试验区在土壤理化、向日葵主要经济性状、产量及产量相关性状方面均得到不同程度的改善,对向日葵菌核病有明显的防治效果。使用哈茨木霉拌种+2次高浓度滴灌(15000 g/hm²),效果最佳,菌核病防效高达74.37%,产量为1661.3 kg/hm2;使用哈茨木霉拌种和进行1次滴灌,效果次之,防效可达68.00%以上;只进行1次滴灌,防效为44.86%。

关键词: 向日葵, 菌核病, 微生物菌剂, 哈茨木霉

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of microbial inoculant Trichoderma harzianum on the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and yield of sunflowers, and to find the best control measures, a wettable powder of Trichoderma harzianum (Daimiao) was used as the test material. 6 treatments of seed treatments and drip irrigation were applied to sunflowers in the field for prevention, including T1: 100 g/500 g seed dressing + 1 time 15000 g/hm2 drip irrigation, T2: 100 g/500 g seed dressing + 2 times 15000 g/hm2 drip irrigation, T3: 100 g/500 g seed dressing + 2 times 7500 g/hm2 drip irrigation, T4: 100 g/500 g seed dressing + 1 time 7500 g/hm2 drip irrigation, T5: 1 time 7500 g/hm2 drip irrigation, and a blank control. The control effect of Sclerotinia on sunflowers and related traits were investigated at the mature stage of sunflowers. The results showed that the experimental areas using Trichoderma harzianum were improved to varying degrees in soil physical and chemical properties, main economic traits of sunflowers, yield and yield-related traits, and had obvious control effects on Sclerotinia of sunflowers. The best effect was achieved by seed dressing with Trichoderma harzianum and 2 times high-concentration drip irrigations, with a control effect of up to 74.37% and a yield of 1661.3 kg/hm2. The second-best effect was achieved by seed dressing with Trichoderma harzianum and 1 time drip irrigation, with a control effect of over 68%. Only 1 time drip irrigation achieved a control effect of 44.86%.

Key words: sunflower, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, microbial inoculant, Trichoderma harzianum