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农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 32-36.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0184

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同打孔全生物降解地膜对春季青梗菜生长、产量及效益的影响

俞斌1(), 许楚楚2, 朱涵晓2, 黄凯美1, 孙淑妮2, 王华英2()   

  1. 1 杭州市农业技术推广中心(杭州市植保植检中心), 杭州 310020
    2 杭州市萧山区农业农村局, 杭州 311500
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-27 修回日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 通讯作者:
    王华英,女,1967年出生,正高级农艺师,从事蔬菜品种及技术推广工作。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    俞斌,女,1981年出生,高级农艺师,从事农作物品种及技术推广工作。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目“叶菜绿色栽培技术示范”(202407TD05)

Effects of Different Perforated Fully Biodegradable Mulch Films on Growth, Yield and Economic Benefits of Spring Pakchoi

YU Bin1(), XU Chuchu2, ZHU Hanxiao2, HUANG Kaimei1, SUN Shuni2, WANG Huaying2()   

  1. 1 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center (Hangzhou Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Center), Hangzhou 310020
    2 Hangzhou Xiaoshan District Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Hangzhou 311500
  • Received:2025-09-27 Revised:2025-12-11 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-05-15

摘要:

针对杭州地区春季青梗菜生产中化学除草污染环境、人工除草成本高、常规地膜残留危害等问题,为筛选出最适宜杭州地区春季青梗菜(Brassica rapa var. chinensis)打孔全生物降解地膜,本研究设置了(T1~T6)6种不同打孔间距(12 cm×12 cm、15 cm×12 cm、15 cm×15 cm)和厚度(6 μm、8 μm)的全生物降解地膜处理,以不覆膜化学除草(CK1)和不覆膜人工除草(CK2)为对照,通过田间试验比较评估了各处理对青梗菜生长、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:所有规格打孔全生物降解地膜对杂草防控均有显著效果,株防效均超92%,且不同程度提高了产量,其中T6处理(厚度为8 μm、孔间距为15 cm×15 cm)表现最优,杂草株防效达99.75%,折算每公顷产量60356 kg,较CK1、CK2分别显著增产29.31%、29.64%,综合效益达116737元/hm²,较CK1、CK2分别增加25.45%、27.85%。研究得出T6全生物降解地膜处理是杭州地区春季青梗菜栽培杂草防控的最优方案,采收时植株生长性状良好、单株重大,总产量和经济效益均最高,显著高于其他处理。本研究为青梗菜绿色高效生产提供了技术支撑,未来可进一步开展不同季节、不同品种的适配性研究,推动该技术规模化应用。

关键词: 全生物降解膜, 打孔, 青梗菜, 产量, 杂草防控

Abstract:

To identify the optimal mulching practice for spring pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) cultivation in Hangzhou, a field experiment was conducted. Treatments included six types of fully biodegradable films varying in hole spacing (12 cm × 12 cm, 15 cm × 12 cm, 15 cm × 15 cm) and thickness (6 μm, 8 μm). Two control treatments were established as no film mulching with herbicides (CK1) and no film mulching with manual weeding (CK2). The effects of these treatments on pakchoi growth, yield, and economic benefits were compared and evaluated. The results indicated that all types of perforated fully biodegradable mulch films demonstrated significant weed control effects and enhanced crop yields to varying degrees. Among these, the treatment using perforated fully biodegradable film mulching with a thickness of 8 μm and hole spacing of 15 cm × 15 cm achieved the most superior weed control efficacy, the weed control effect reached 99.75%, and the converted yield per hectare was 60356 kg, which was significantly increased by 29.31% and 29.64% compared with CK1 and CK2, respectively. The comprehensive benefit reached 116737 yuan/hm2, which was 25.45 % and 27.85 % higher than CK1 and CK2, respectively. At harvest, plants under this treatment exhibited good growth characteristics and high individual plant weight, leading to the highest total yield and economic benefits, which were significantly greater than all other treatments. This study provides technical support for the green and efficient production of pakchoi. In the future, the adaptability research of different seasons and different varieties can be further carried out to promote the large-scale application of this technology.

Key words: fully biodegradable mulch film, perforation, pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis), yield, weed control

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