Abstract: Research brand "Feinong" biological organic fertilizer on the Leizhou Peninsula of sugar cane agronomic traits, yield, quality and utility of the sugarcane diseases and insect pests occurrence and effects on soil physical and chemical properties. By used of brand "Feinong" biological organic fertilizer of effective microbes number ≥ 2.0×107 cells/g, organic matter ≥ 25% and N P2O5 K2O ≥ 15% used in Leizhou Peninsula sugar cane. Study the agronomic traits, yield and quality of sugar cane, plant diseases and insect pests occurrence of utility and its influence on soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that agricultural compound microbial fertilizer had no significant impact on the germination rate of sugarcane, but significantly increased the rate of sugarcane tillering, plant height and stem number. And the same time, this fertilizer also increased sugarcane and sugar production. In the aspect of insect, application of agricultural compound microbial fertilizer declined the pest rate by 23.4%, which declining pest rate of termite and beetles were 7.69% and 15.71%, respectively. The fertilizer can promote tillering, high growth, the role of effective tiller growth, at the same time had significant production, add sugar, income effect and could reduce the occurrence of sugarcane pests.