Abstract: China is the largest rice-producing country and consuming country in the world, therefore rice production has an enormous significance for food security. With the aggravation of global warming, heat injury has already become one of the principal disasters in rice production. Consequently, it is of extremely practical significance to conduct a research on rice heat injury and risk assessment. This thesis summarized the influence of heat injury on rice physiology, output and rice quality, and thus elaborated the breeding method of rice heat resistance and cultivation countermeasures which could prevent rice heat injury. Thereafter, it put forward three principal research methods targeting at rice heat injury risk assessment and issues to be solved in the rice heat injury research in the future.