Abstract: The middle-early-maturing new cotton variety‘Yumian 50’was bred by the Institute of Industrial Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It was examined and approved by Henan Evaluation Committee of Crop Variety in 2016 (Evaluation code: Yushenmian 2016002). In order to study the variety characteristics of‘Yumian 50’and the key points of its cultivation technology, and accelerate its application in cotton production, the breeding process of‘Yumian 50’was described in this paper. The test data of 26 times for three years of‘Yumian 50’participating in Henan regional tests in 2012-2014 were concluded. The results showed that‘Yumian 50’had outstanding performance in Henan regional tests, it was a new cotton variety with high-yield, good quality and disease-pest resistant characteristics.