Abstract: The connotation of agricultural supply-side structural reform is to promote structural adjustment through reform, and to solve the supply problem in structural adjustment way. Its goal is to make quantity, structure and quality of the agricultural supply more adaptable to the natural ecological requirements and more in line with the consumers’demand, with a rational and effective supply of agricultural products. To push forward agricultural supply-side structural reform, the bottom line of grain self-sufficiency and absolute grain ration security must be hold, the transformation of agricultural development mode must be accelerated, the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture production must be improved, and the market-oriented conception based on all food, whole industry chain and green ecology must be established. Its main task is to reduce inventory, to lower the cost, to bolster areas of weakness, to optimize capacity of foods, to strengthen ecological protection, and to promote the reform. At the same time, the agricultural and rural policy system should be improved, such as financial subsidies, price support, trade protection, finance and insurance services, rural resources and assets management and so on.