Current issue

• 2017 Vol.7 No.2 Published:23 February 2017

  Breeding of New Corn Variety‘Wan-de No.1’with High Quality, High Yield and Multi-resistance 2017, 7 (2):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080002 Abstract + ( 1680 )   PDF ( 1113KB )   ( 710 ) Considering the ecological environment of Sichuan area, an experiment was conducted to breed new corn varieties with high yield, high quality, multi resistance and wide adaptability. According to the principle of gene recombination, the authors combined the local tropical germplasm with PB germplasm, which was rich in disease- resistant, lodging- resistant and drought- tolerant genes, and the integration was used as the innovative strategy for breeding. Inbred-line‘LSC 107’was successfully bred and the new corn hybrid‘Wande No.1’was bred by crossing‘LSC 107’with‘Yi 99-19’. The results showed that the corn hybrid had good performance, including high yield, good stability, high quality, excellent disease resistance and lodging resistance, and wide adaptation. So it was adaptable for planting in plain and hilly areas of Sichuan Province. With hybrid recombination between local tropical germplasm and PB inbred lines, the inbred-line had high general combining ability and strong adaptability, and the hybrid had high yield, high quality and wide adaptability, and had broad prospects of popularization and application.

  Heterosis and Correlation Analysis of Quality Traits of Sorghum Grain 2017, 7 (2):  6-10.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070017 Abstract + ( 1689 )   PDF ( 1109KB )   ( 645 ) The heterosis and correlation of lipid content of 20 sorghum hybrids were studied to provide a theoretical basis for high quality sorghum breeding. The quality traits of 20 sorghum hybrids and their parents were analyzed by using near infrared grain analyzer, and the heterosis and correlation of sorghum quality traits were analyzed by DPS. The trend of heterosis among quality traits was tannins>total starch>lipid>protein. The heterosis of protein and lipid were mainly negative, while total starch and tannins were mainly positive. The correlation between lipid and tannin was significantly positive, but the correlations between starch and other quality traits were significantly negative. Protein content had no significantly positive correlation with values of low parent, mid-parent and high parent. Lipid content had no significantly negative correlated with low parent value; while it had significantly positive correlation with mid-parent value and high parent value. Total starch content had a significantly positive correlation with low parent value and mid-parent value except for high parent value. Tannins content had a significantly positive correlation with low parent value, mid-parent value and high parent value, respectively. The tannin content and starch content had higher heterosis in sorghum grain, and protein and lipid had lower heterosis. The tannin and lipid were positively correlated. Total starch and other quality characters were negatively correlated. In the genetic, the lipid content was susceptible to high value parent and total starch content was susceptible to low value parent, while the tannin content was very close with parents.

  Super High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Cotton Canopy Design 2017, 7 (2):  11-14.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090001 Abstract + ( 1405 )   PDF ( 1172KB )   ( 622 ) The yield of cotton depends on cultivation methods used. Cotton canopy designing cultivation methods aimed at improving canopy economic productivity through collecting and optimizing traditional technologies based on advantageous thermal resources availiable in the low-reach of Yangtze River. Cotton canopy designing cultivation methods consisted of 4 techniques,i.e, put off topping time,put off ending time of spraying pestcides, added amount of fertilizer applied after topping,added amount of chemical control applied after topping.Results of experiment in the plot and demonstration in the mass area showed that canopy designing cultivation could increase cotton canopy bolling number and single boll weight significantly.lint yield was increased by more than 20% on average. Applicatoin and extension of Cotton canopy designing cultivation methods would have positively stimulating effect for higher yield and higher efficency cultivation by making full use of advantageous thermal resources available in autumn and superior boll bearing part of cotton canopy in low-reach of Yangtze River.

  Mechanism and Application of Mixed Cropping in Crop Protection: A Review 傅跃进,陈烈光 and 孙加焱 2017, 7 (2):  15-19.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080022 Abstract + ( 1311 )   PDF ( 1166KB )   ( 1016 ) From the points of ecological benefit and long-term effect, mixed cropping can play a positive role in controlling crop disease, pest and weed, and protecting and optimizing farmland ecosystem. In this review, the ecological risks of simplified variety type and crop pattern were briefly described. Through reviewing application examples, the crop protection mechanisms of the mixed cropping were summarized into the barrier effect, allelopathy, dilution effect as well as the interaction effect between components in the mixed system, etc. The lack of scientific collocation, benefits evaluation and compensation mechanism in the application of mixed cropping were pointed out, and the application prospect of the mixed cropping was put forward.

  Control Efficiency of Fluroxypyr·mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WDG Against Weeds in Spring Corn Field 2017, 7 (2):  20-24.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080026 Abstract + ( 1833 )   PDF ( 1228KB )   ( 604 ) The control efficiency of fluroxypyr · mesotrione · nicosulfuron 50% WDG on grassy weeds, broadleaf weeds and sedge, and its herbicide controlling spectrum and safety were studied by field experiments, and the optimal dosage and medication time were explored. The results showed that under stem spraying at the stage of corn 3—5 leaves and weed 3—6 leaves with the dosage of 240-600 g/hm2, fluroxypyr· mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WDG had better control efficiency on grassy weeds, broadleaf weeds and sedge, the control efficiency after 15 d reached 66.1%-85.7% the control efficiency after 30 d reached 88.8%-100% and the control efficiency after 45 d reached 90.88%-100%, and the control efficiency increased with the dosage. There was no phytotoxicity occurred during the whole growth period after application, which indicated that the agent was safe to spring maize, and it also had no impact on other non-target organisms. The best dosage was 300-320 g/hm2.

  Tobacco Root Rot Incidence in Pingdingshan Tobacco Area and Control Effects of EM Microbial Agent 2017, 7 (2):  25-30.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100028 Abstract + ( 815 )   PDF ( 1212KB )   ( 1331 ) The investigation of incidence and prime control?measures of tobacco root rot were made in places?such?as Jiaxian and Baofeng in Pingdingshan tobacco plant areas, in order to solve the problem that the quality and products of tobacco were seriously damaged by tobacco root rot caused by fusarium. The?economic?losses caused by tobacco root rot was also calculated. The control efficacy of EM?microbial agent by different manner such as soil application, watering application and foliar?application was studied took the main mariety Zhongyan 100 as?experimental?material. The soil application study showed that treatment at tilling stage, transplanting stage and earthing-up stage together works best. The morbidity?and?mortality were 23% and 16% respectively. The watering application study showed that treatment at tilling stage, transplanting stage, resettling?stage, fast growing stage and topping stage together works best. The morbidity?and?mortality were 18% and 11% respectively. The foliar?application study showed that there was no significant variation between different treatments and the control. Comprehensive results showed that watering application had a remarkable control effect to tobacco root rot. This results provided some theoretical references for the?biological?control of tobacco root rot.

  Trapping Technique in Thrips Control 2017, 7 (2):  31-35.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080010 Abstract + ( 718 )   PDF ( 1090KB )   ( 1785 ) Thrips is an important pest species in agricultural production system. Owing to the great potential and benefits of trap technology in control of such pests, this paper introduced the progress in trap techniques of thrips species from abroad and home researches. This primarily concluded, summarized and analyzed trap measures in thrips control, mainly including the sticky color cards, trap light lamps, trap plants, plant essential oils and volatile substance, gather and sex pheromone. Taken together, this review aimed at a better understanding of trap techniques in control of thrips pests, and providing theoretical basis and practical information for pest management.

  Effect of Carbon Addition on Farmland Soil Nitrogen Transformation 2017, 7 (2):  36-41.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100007 Abstract + ( 872 )   PDF ( 1077KB )   ( 1358 ) Addition of carbon sources to farmland soil could affect nitrogen transformation, thus affect nitrogen use efficiency. Based on domestic and international researches, the authors summarized the effect of carbon addition on soil nitrogen forms and nitrogen transformation, revealed the mechanism of the loss and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer after addition of carbon sources, discussed the prospect of carbon addition in farmland, and provided the research foundation for reasonable fertilization and improvement of soil fertility. Finally, the authors pointed out that strengthening interdisciplinary, comprehensive and long-term orientation research was the key to promote the carbon-nitrogen research and field achievements transformation.

  Risk Zonation of Meteorological Disaster in Southern Taihang Mountains——Taking Weihui in Henan Province as an Example 2017, 7 (2):  42-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090009 Abstract + ( 739 )   PDF ( 1637KB )   ( 606 ) The paper aims to understand the temporal and spatial characteristics of meteorological disaster in Weihui, and reveal the relationship between the complex terrain of southern Taihang Mountains and meteorological disasters. The author used the data from 1961 to 2014, including disaster, DEM, GDP, daily precipitation and wind speed of 19 automatic meteorological stations, to construct the risk evaluation index system of hail, gale, rainstorm and comprehensive meteorological disaster by means of AHP and PCA; the zoning map with resolution of 30 m×30 m meters was drawn by ArcGIS. The results showed that: the high risk zones of hail disaster mainly distributed in two moving paths to the surrounding areas; the risk of gale disaster was rather dispersed and higher except that in Shibaotou, Jishui, Houhe and Liyuantun; rainstorm disaster was prone to take place around Wei River and Communist canal; overall, the risk of comprehensive meteorological disaster was higher in Andu, Dunfangdian, Shangle and Sunxing. The study can improve the pertinence and guiding of local meteorological service, and provide a basis to formulate the mitigation measures.

  Effect of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Treatments on Growth and Yield of Asparagus officinalis 2017, 7 (2):  48-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070022 Abstract + ( 952 )   PDF ( 1285KB )   ( 842 ) The main purpose of this paper is to improve cultivation techniques and explore yield potential of asparagus in Weifang ecological region. Under the combination of field experiment and laboratory analysis, asparagus growth and yield in high and low fertility blocks with different rates of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizer were studied using‘Guanjun’of four- year- old as material. The results showed thatfertilization had no obvious stimulation effect in high fertility block when the content of soil organic, total nitrogen, available N, available P, available K was 1.36% , 0.091% , 41.0 mg/kg, 13.4 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg, respectively. Fertilization had an obvious stimulation effect in low fertility block, the best ratio of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizer was 10: 7: 9. The suitable index of organic fertilizer, N, P2O5 and K2O were 60000 kg/hm2, 450 kg/hm2, 315 kg/hm2 and 405 kg/hm2 under target yield of 15000 kg/hm2, organic fertilizer and 60% percent chemical fertilizer should be applied at shoot harvesting, and the rest 40% chemical fertilizer should be used as additional fertilizer one month later.

  Screening of Cowpea Varieties in Spring Open Field in Tianjin 2017, 7 (2):  55-58.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080008 Abstract + ( 610 )   PDF ( 1050KB )   ( 876 ) To screen the cultivation of green pods and light green pods of cowpea varieties in spring open field in Tianjin, variety comparative test of six cowpea varieties were carried out and‘Fengjiangqingyou’and ‘Jixianfeng’ were taken as control. Through investigating the characteristics of the growth period, marketability, early yield and total yield of the tested varieties, the varieties with good comprehensive characters were selected. The results showed that the comprehensive characters of green pods cowpea varieties ‘Changfeng’and light green pods cowpea varieties‘Jizaojia’were outstanding, with high early yield, high total yield and good quality. These two varieties could be planted in large scale in Tianjin.

  Effects of GA3 Treatment on Germination of Amorphophallus bulbifer Seed 2017, 7 (2):  59-62.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070019 Abstract + ( 818 )   PDF ( 1276KB )   ( 1016 ) To explore the effect of gibberellin on seeds germination in A. Bulbifer, the seeds were treated by using different concentration gradients of gibberellin. Additionally, seed germination percentage and biochemical change were analyzed during the germination. The results showed that the percentage of seed germination was increased from 72% to 98% under the treatment of 50 mg/L gibberellin. During seed germination, in the control group, the length of hypocotyl increased from 0.4 cm to 1.6 cm, the soluble sugar content increased from 7.633 mg/g to 9.551 mg/g and soluble proteins increased from 9.668 mg/g to 10.408 mg/ g; in the test group, the length of hypocotyl increased from 0.4 cm to 1.6 cm, soluble sugar content increased from 7.798 mg/g to 10.153 mg/g and soluble proteins increased from 9.611 mg/g to 10.441 mg/g. The results suggested that gibberellin could increase the decomposition of organic material in the seed, which could promote seed germination.

  Plant Environment: Its Effect on Human Physical and Mental Health 2017, 7 (2):  63-67.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090010 Abstract + ( 1064 )   PDF ( 1097KB )   ( 2129 ) Plant environment has important significance for human physical and mental health, healing gardens and horticultural therapy are mainly used to promote the health of people both in physiological and psychological aspects. In order to explore the effects of plant environment on human physical and mental health, the paper described the concept of healing garden and horticultural therapy, and analyzed the relationship between healing gardern and horticultural therapy, reviewed the study on the relationship between plant environment and human physical and mental health both at home and abroad in recent 15 years. In China, this research field start later than aboard, which is currently in the transformation process which from the theoretical exposition, the popularization of the mechanism to the system of study. In the future, it is still needed to increase investment and advancing methods for the research in this field, to fill the gap between China and the international level in the field.

  Landscape Pattern Change: Sanya, 2002-2012 2017, 7 (2):  68-73.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100009 Abstract + ( 784 )   PDF ( 1989KB )   ( 758 ) To understand the landscape change characteristics and its influencing factors in urban development process of tropical coastal city, based on the SPOT image data, with the support of RS, GIS software and landscape ecology method, the dynamic changes of land use and landscape pattern in Sanya from 2002 to 2012 were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) during the past 10 years, the main landscapes were farmland and broad leaved forest, but the construction land increased significantly, all of the landscape types had mutual transfer, such as paddy field decreased by 25.75% , reservoir or pond decreased by 6.21% ; brushwood, construction land and dry land increased by about 143.16%, 86.89% and 10.20%, respectively; (2) after landscape pattern index and transfer matrix analysis, it was concluded that the number of landscape patch was decreasing, and the landscape fragmentation was reduced, mainly due to the strengthened interference of human activities, and the speed up of urbanization process, the original fragmented distribution of residential land and building land became poly integration, which led to the decrease of landscape fragmentation degree in this area.

  Introduction of‘WL’Alfalfa Varieties in Northern Xinjiang 2017, 7 (2):  74-78.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070006 Abstract + ( 842 )   PDF ( 1188KB )   ( 597 ) To select alfalfa varieties which could grow well in Northern Xinjiang, 4 American‘WL’alfalfa varieties including‘WL168HQ’,‘WL343HQ’,‘WL363HQ’and‘WL354HQ’were introduced to plain area of northern Xinjiang. Growth period, yield and main nutritional components of the 4 varieties were analyzed in 2 years. The results showed that growth period of the 4 varieties had no obvious difference, and the wintering survival rates were above 95%. The 4 alfalfa varieties showed very good adaptability to the local environment. The crude protein contents of‘WL’varieties were higher than that of‘Daye’. Crude protein and NDF content of‘WL168HQ’in blooming period was 20.32% and 35%, respectively. In the second year, the total yield of ‘WL168HQ’and WL343HQ’were up to 24024.7 and 23590.7 kg/hm2 respectively, increased by 25.2% and 23.8% compared with that of‘Daye’(P<0.01). The results indicated that‘WL168HQ’and‘WL343HQ’had strong adaptability, high yield and rich nutrition in northern Xinjiang. Thus, we suggested that these varieties should be widely cultivated in areas with similar environment, and also be used as breeding material of possible new alfalfa varieties.

  New Automatic Weather Station: Maintenance and Design for Peripheral Devices 2017, 7 (2):  79-83.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090017 Abstract + ( 747 )   PDF ( 1408KB )   ( 713 ) Stability and maintenance is important for new automatic weather station. This paper proposed the design ideas and programs for improving peripheral devices from the data circuit and power supply. The main methods were adding spare data circuits to resolve circuits and software restrictions, and improving the UPS and generator circuits to make the power protection better. The results showed that: the new design realized data circuit and UPS power backup, and an unattended generator; the design was simple and cost-effective, safe for operation and could produce good effects. It also provided a scientific basis for the construction of meteorological modernization.

  Effects of ABA Treatment on Postharvest Quality and Skin Browning of‘Huangguan’Pear 2017, 7 (2):  84-90.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090007 Abstract + ( 749 )   PDF ( 1330KB )   ( 821 ) To solve the skin browning problem of‘Huangguan’pear usually occurred during long-term storage and to develop a new technique with stable effect and simple operation on inhibiting skin browning, treatment of 5 μg/L ABA dip was applied to post-harvested‘Huangguan’pear fruits. The results showed that compared with control (without ABA treatment), treatment of ABA reduced the skin browning spot index markedly, decreased polyphenol content especially catechin content and PPO activity, increased POD, APX activity and DPPH clearance ratio, maintained higher firmness, titratable acid (TA), acid-sugar ratio, total soluble solid (TSS), and ensured better sensory quality during storage and shelf life. Above all, treatment of ABA could reduce skin browning of‘Huangguan’pear during the long-term storage through inducing antioxidant defense of pear skin and inhibiting PPO activity and phenol content reducing.

  Effects of Consumers’Daily Tea Drinking Habits on Health 2017, 7 (2):  91-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090002 Abstract + ( 678 )   PDF ( 1298KB )   ( 632 ) To understand the status of people’s daily tea-drinking, an investigation was carried out on the selection of tea variety, soaking time, drinking habits and drinking volume in Qingdao City. The results showed that there were obvious differences among different consumers in tea type selection, green tea was favored by the highest percentage of consumers, 49% of the total survey number, the order from high to low was: green tea> black tea> oolong tea> pu-erh tea. On tea consumption amount, the proportion of daily consumption of 5 g accounted for the most. Tea soaking of most consumers was usually 3 to 4 times per day, soaking time was generally between 30 s and 50 s. On the daily consumption, most consumers drank 3- 6 cups a day. As estimated by six cups of tea, catechin daily intake was 675.0 mg, this value was low, failed to reach the standard healthy tea drinking. The above results showed that Qingdao residents mainly drank green tea, this might be affected by local Laoshan green tea production, the tea consumption was relatively reasonable. But the understanding of health medicinal value of catechin was deficient. In the future, consumers’understanding of drinking tea in a healthy way should be promoted by attaching equal importance to both flavor and healthy contents.

  Agricultural Supply-side Structural Reform: The Connotation, Perspectives and Main Task 2017, 7 (2):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110029 Abstract + ( 6708 )   PDF ( 1038KB )   ( 1755 ) The connotation of agricultural supply-side structural reform is to promote structural adjustment through reform, and to solve the supply problem in structural adjustment way. Its goal is to make quantity, structure and quality of the agricultural supply more adaptable to the natural ecological requirements and more in line with the consumers’demand, with a rational and effective supply of agricultural products. To push forward agricultural supply-side structural reform, the bottom line of grain self-sufficiency and absolute grain ration security must be hold, the transformation of agricultural development mode must be accelerated, the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture production must be improved, and the market-oriented conception based on all food, whole industry chain and green ecology must be established. Its main task is to reduce inventory, to lower the cost, to bolster areas of weakness, to optimize capacity of foods, to strengthen ecological protection, and to promote the reform. At the same time, the agricultural and rural policy system should be improved, such as financial subsidies, price support, trade protection, finance and insurance services, rural resources and assets management and so on.