Abstract: To understand the present situation, existing problems and development trend of tropical crop production and technology at home and abroad, and to provide references for decision- making, scientific project setting up and achievement declaring of tropical agricultural science and technology, we analyzed and induced the present situation and development trend of production and technology of rubber, cassava, oil palm, banana, pineapple, mango, litchi and etc., and carried out a comparative study on researches and literatures at home and abroad. The results showed that: Chinese tropical crop industry played an important role in the global tropical crop industry, but its current situation of science and technology was limited by imperfect tropical agricultural science and technology system, unreasonable structure and distribution of germplasm resources, only focusing on the study of production, insufficient high level research results, high level talents and modern farmers. It is necessary to construct an ecologically high value tropical agricultural technology system, conduct scientific layout, adjust varieties and industrial structure, strengthen technical support for pre- and postproduction, develop suitable cultivation technology, pay attention to talents’cultivation in all levels and disciplines, thus to improve the level of science and technology of tropical crops in China, and to promote the yield and quality of tropical crops.