Abstract: To protect and develop the traditional culture of ethnic minorities and the unique vegetable resources, a systematic investigation of vegetable resources was carried out on the ethnic minorities in Yunnan. The paper summarized the unique vegetable resources such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, solanaceous vegetables, and introduced relevant traditional culture. The results showed that traditional culture protected the unique vegetable resources of ethnic minorities in Yunnan. The unique vegetable resources of ethnic minorities played a positive role in food culture, etiquette and custom, production and life. The authors put forward that the unique vegetable resources should be highlighted in protecting the traditional culture of ethnic minorities, while the protecting and spreading of the traditional culture of ethnic minorities could be promoted by utilizing the unique vegetable resources.