Production, Emission and In-situ Control Technology of Odor from Aerobic Fermentation: Research Progress

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

A large amount of inorganic and organic volatile substances produced during aerobic fermentation. Some of these substances, such as NH₃, H₂S, are the major odors, which pollute the environment and do harm to human health. Combined with the current research at home and abroad, this article summarizes the odor generation mechanism and affecting factors during aerobic fermentation, and mainly analyses odor species produced by different or same raw materials. Combined with VOCs emission standards and some odor thresholds, it proposes that benzene and sulfur compounds should be paid attention. In addition, this research compares the control effect and mechanism of technological parameters optimization and in-situ deodorant additives on odor production and emission, and points out that more attention should be paid to the application of in-situ control technologies and development of effective compound deodorants, so as to provide a reference for aerobic fermentation to control odor emission. This research can also provide a theoretical basis for the further study on control and treatment of odor during aerobic fermentation.

Key words: Aerobic Fermentation, Odor, Technology Parameters, Deodorant Additive, In-situ Control

CLC Number:

Wenjie Liu, Xi Zhang, Yujun Shen, Haibo Meng, Lixin Zhao, Liming Wang, Haibin Zhou, Hongsheng Cheng. Production, Emission and In-situ Control Technology of Odor from Aerobic Fermentation: Research Progress[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2020, 10(3): 12-20.

Figures/Tables 9

References 84

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主要原料	VOCs 种类	致臭因子	最高浓度	参考文献
生活垃圾（城市固体废物）	40	甲苯、乙苯、间,对二甲苯	/	^[21]
	50	硫化氢和甲硫醚	97724（无量纲）	^[22]
	47	乙醇、柠檬烯	15484.1μg/m³	^[23]
厨余垃圾	43	硫化氢、甲硫醇、1,3-二甲基苯、邻二甲苯、二甲二硫和对二甲苯	309030（无量纲）	^[24]
厨余垃圾	93	二甲基二硫醚、乙酸乙酯、二甲基硫醚、乙醛	951.80 mg/kg	^[25]
污泥	58	三甲胺、甲硫醇、甲硫醚、二甲二硫、苯乙烯、丙烯、丙酮、2-丁酮、异丙醇、甲苯	549541（无量纲）	^[26]
污泥	71	甲硫醇、二甲基二硫醚、二甲基硫醚、二硫化碳	123687.86（无量纲）	^[18]
畜禽粪便	31	甲硫醚	131826（无量纲）	^[27]
畜禽粪便	81	三甲胺、二甲基硫、二甲基二硫和二甲基三硫	/	^[28]
畜禽粪便+ 食物垃圾	26	胺、二甲基硫醚、乙酸	488μg/m³	^[29]
食物垃圾	19	胺、二甲基硫、乙酸、乙苯、对伞花烃	546 ppb	^[30]

主要原料	VOCs 种类	致臭因子	最高浓度	参考文献
生活垃圾（城市固体废物）	40	甲苯、乙苯、间,对二甲苯	/	^[21]
	50	硫化氢和甲硫醚	97724（无量纲）	^[22]
	47	乙醇、柠檬烯	15484.1μg/m³	^[23]
厨余垃圾	43	硫化氢、甲硫醇、1,3-二甲基苯、邻二甲苯、二甲二硫和对二甲苯	309030（无量纲）	^[24]
厨余垃圾	93	二甲基二硫醚、乙酸乙酯、二甲基硫醚、乙醛	951.80 mg/kg	^[25]
污泥	58	三甲胺、甲硫醇、甲硫醚、二甲二硫、苯乙烯、丙烯、丙酮、2-丁酮、异丙醇、甲苯	549541（无量纲）	^[26]
污泥	71	甲硫醇、二甲基二硫醚、二甲基硫醚、二硫化碳	123687.86（无量纲）	^[18]
畜禽粪便	31	甲硫醚	131826（无量纲）	^[27]
畜禽粪便	81	三甲胺、二甲基硫、二甲基二硫和二甲基三硫	/	^[28]
畜禽粪便+ 食物垃圾	26	胺、二甲基硫醚、乙酸	488μg/m³	^[29]
食物垃圾	19	胺、二甲基硫、乙酸、乙苯、对伞花烃	546 ppb	^[30]

国家	法规标准名称及时间	国家	规标准名称及时间
美国	《清洁空气修正法》,1990 《国家环境空气质量标准》(NAAQs),1990 区域霾害规定,1999 清洁空气州际法规,2005	日本	《恶臭防止法》,1972 《大气污染防治法》,2006 日本汽车制造业协会(JAMA)关于汽车车厢内空气要求日本电子和信息技术协会(JEITA)关于电子产品挥发性有机物要求
欧盟	1996/61/EC指令,1996 1999/13/EC指令,1999 欧洲清洁空气计划,2001 2002/231/EC 生态设计标签—鞋类（1999/179/EC修正版）,2002 2004/42/EC指令,2004 ECMA-328 VOC法规	德国	《联邦排放防治法》,2001
欧盟		英国	《环境保护法案》,1990

国家	法规标准名称及时间	国家	规标准名称及时间
美国	《清洁空气修正法》,1990 《国家环境空气质量标准》(NAAQs),1990 区域霾害规定,1999 清洁空气州际法规,2005	日本	《恶臭防止法》,1972 《大气污染防治法》,2006 日本汽车制造业协会(JAMA)关于汽车车厢内空气要求日本电子和信息技术协会(JEITA)关于电子产品挥发性有机物要求
欧盟	1996/61/EC指令,1996 1999/13/EC指令,1999 欧洲清洁空气计划,2001 2002/231/EC 生态设计标签—鞋类（1999/179/EC修正版）,2002 2004/42/EC指令,2004 ECMA-328 VOC法规	德国	《联邦排放防治法》,2001
欧盟		英国	《环境保护法案》,1990

标准	污染指标	排放限值/(mg/m³)	标准	污染指标	排放限值/(mg/m³)
大气污染物综合排放标准 (GB 16297—1996)	苯	12	恶臭污染物排放标准(GB 14554—1993)	苯乙烯	19
	甲苯	40		甲硫醇	0.035
	二甲苯	70		甲硫醚	1.1
	酚类	100		二甲二硫醚	0.71
	甲醛	25		三甲胺	0.8
	乙醛	125		二硫化碳	10
	丙烯醛	16	《合成革与人造革工业污染物排放标准》(GB 21902—2008)
	丙烯腈	22		苯	10
	甲醇	190		甲苯	40
	氯苯类	60		二甲苯	70
	硝基苯类	16		DMF	50
	苯胺类	20		VOCs	350
	氯乙烯	36