Effects of Irrigation Methods and Fertilizer Treatments on Growth Development and Yield of Winter Wheat

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0109

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods and fertilizer treatments on the population dynamics, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield of winter wheat. A field experiment was conducted during the 2017-2018 growing season by using the winter wheat variety 'Zimai 28'. The experiment employed a split-plot design, with the main plots consisting of two irrigation methods: traditional furrow irrigation and on-demand supplementary irrigation. The subplots included two fertilizer treatments, including conventional fertilization and reduced fertilization. Growth, development indicators and yield of winter wheat were measured. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the combination of on-demand supplementary irrigation and reduced fertilization significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of grains and glumes plus rachis at maturity, with increases of 11.98% and 12.47%, respectively. It also enhanced the contribution rate of post-anthesis assimilated dry matter to grain, with an increase of 10.87%, which is conducive to yield formation and ultimately improves overall economic returns. It is recommended that in regions with natural environments and production conditions similar to those of this experiment, adopting on-demand supplementary irrigation and appropriately reducing fertilization levels is an effective approach to balancing yield and economic benefits.

Key words: winter wheat, irrigation methods, fertilizer treatments, grain yield, economic benefits

HAN Mingming, LYU Lianjie, LI Wenqian, ZHANG Haijun. Effects of Irrigation Methods and Fertilizer Treatments on Growth Development and Yield of Winter Wheat[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(8): 1-5.

Figures/Tables 7

References 26

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处理	灌溉方案	施肥量/(kg/hm²)	追肥方式	小区面积/m²
I₁F₁	传统畦灌	传统施肥(270-150-150)	拔节期撒施	2 m×30 m
I₁F₂	传统畦灌	减量施肥(240-120-120)	拔节期撒施	2 m×30 m
I₂F₁	按需补灌	传统施肥(270-150-150)	水肥一体化	2 m×30 m
I₂F₂	按需补灌	减量施肥(240-120-120)	水肥一体化	2 m×30 m

处理	灌溉方案	施肥量/(kg/hm²)	追肥方式	小区面积/m²
I₁F₁	传统畦灌	传统施肥(270-150-150)	拔节期撒施	2 m×30 m
I₁F₂	传统畦灌	减量施肥(240-120-120)	拔节期撒施	2 m×30 m
I₂F₁	按需补灌	传统施肥(270-150-150)	水肥一体化	2 m×30 m
I₂F₂	按需补灌	减量施肥(240-120-120)	水肥一体化	2 m×30 m

处理	越冬期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	返青期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	拔节期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	成穗数/(10⁴/hm²)	成穗率/%
I₁F₁	450.58a	1718.75a	1450.07a	644.03a	37.47a
I₁F₂	367.17c	1765.42ab	1418.07a	622.11a	35.24b
I₂F₁	353.51c	1493.41c	1172.06b	540.02b	36.16ab
I₂F₂	400.02b	1670.08b	1271.36b	621.36a	37.21a

处理	越冬期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	返青期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	拔节期分蘖/(10⁴/hm²)	成穗数/(10⁴/hm²)	成穗率/%
I₁F₁	450.58a	1718.75a	1450.07a	644.03a	37.47a
I₁F₂	367.17c	1765.42ab	1418.07a	622.11a	35.24b
I₂F₁	353.51c	1493.41c	1172.06b	540.02b	36.16ab
I₂F₂	400.02b	1670.08b	1271.36b	621.36a	37.21a

处理	干物质积累量/(kg/hm²)				分配比例/%
处理	籽粒	茎+叶鞘	颖壳+穗轴	叶片	籽粒	茎+叶鞘	颖壳+穗轴	叶片
I₁F₁	9345.62ab	4325.03ab	1602.93ab	1020.44a	57.36b	26.54a	9.84a	6.26ab
I₁F₂	9156.30b	4421.95a	1514.99bc	1017.37a	56.80b	27.46a	9.42b	6.32a
I₂F₁	8971.56b	3812.30c	1456.96c	882.49bc	59.33a	25.22b	9.63ab	5.82bc
I₂F₂	10046.16a	4041.72bc	1638.64a	961.75ab	60.19a	24.23b	9.83a	5.75c