Abstract: To investigate the effects of the accurate fertilization on grain yield in rice, a field experiment was conducted with medium-maturing medium japonica rice Xudao3 for materials. Accurate fertilization, conventional fertilization and no-nitrogen treatment were set up to determine the effects of accurate fertilization on grain yield and its components and the main growth indexes of rice. Results showed that, the accurate fertilization achieved a high grain yield of 11365.05 kg/hm2, higher than conventional fertilization 7.10% and no-nitrogen treatment 60.09%, respectively. The accurate fertilization increased spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight, but it decreased panicles and seed-setting rate slightly. The main growth indexes of accurate fertilization in rice improved significantly, with its panicle rate increasing by 2.41% in comparison with conventional fertilization. Accurate fertilization, not only can save fertilizer and improve the ecological environment, but also was an important technical approach of reaching high grain yield and efficiency in rice sustainable production, with broad prospects for application.