Current issue

• 2012 Vol.2 No.7 Published:20 July 2012

  The Effect of Straw Return on the Flag Leaf Senescence and Yield in the Dry-land Wheat 2012, 2 (7):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 1042KB )   ( 1447 ) he effect of straw return on the flag leaf senescence and yield had been studied in open dry-land wheat. The results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and soluble protein content of wheat flag leaf by straw return were higher than that in the straw removed. And the activity of peroxidase (POD) and the content of malondiadehyde (MDA) were lower than that in the straw removed. After 20 days after anthesis, the activity of SOD and the content of soluble protein of straw returned wheat flag leaf was higher than that of straw not returning, and the speed of increase was speed up; And the activity of POD and the content of MDA of straw returned wheat flag leaf were lower than that of straw not returning, and the speed of decreased was speed up. The treatment of straw returned maintain higher protective enzyme system, reduced the damage of the membrane. The yield and yield components in the spike number, grain number per spike and thousand grain weight by straw returned were higher than that in the straw removed in open dry-land wheat, and the yield was higher 10.07% than that of the straw removed with significant difference. And we think that straw treatment was alleviated flag leaf senescence of dry-land wheat, and straw returned treatment also was benefit to gain higher yield.

  Efects of Diferent Ratios Fertilization on Growth traits and Biomass Yield of Coix Lacryrma-jobi L 2012, 2 (7):  5-7.  Abstract + ( 1391 )   PDF ( 1081KB )   ( 1609 ) In order to medicinal plants Coix to determine the Reasonable proportion fertilization, the author designed the pot experiment with Coix were conducted to no fertilizer different combinations of fertilization on the growth characteristics of Coix and biological yield. Results show that N,P,K etc inorganic fertilizer or The combined fertilization of organic and inorganic fertilizer can obviously increase the leaf chlorophy ll content of Coix at initial tillering stage and late tillering stage,which is advantage to accumulate total N,P,K content,N,P,K etc inorganic fertilizer or The combined fertilization of organic and inorganic fertilizer can obviously promote the growth and biomass yield of Coix.

  Effects on Yield and Ear Characteristics of Summer Maize in Different Nitrogen Fertilizers 2012, 2 (7):  8-12.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 1401KB )   ( 1409 ) In order to increase maize yield stimulative farmer is added close, more scientific and rational application of nitrogen to reduce the pollution to environment, through field randomized block experiment, studied the compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer and compound fertilizer of 3 kinds of nitrogen fertilizer on summer corn yield and panicle traits influence. The results showed that,3 kinds of nitrogen fertilizer can make the summer maize yield, effective panicle number, grain number per spike and significantly improve; from the net income and the efficiency of fertilization level, applying fertilizer, compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, From the output and economic benefits compared to the best effect, application of compound fertilizers.

  Effects and Analysis of Increasing Grain Yield Improved by Accurate Fertilization in Rice 2012, 2 (7):  13-15.  Abstract + ( 1361 )   To investigate the effects of the accurate fertilization on grain yield in rice, a field experiment was conducted with medium-maturing medium japonica rice Xudao3 for materials. Accurate fertilization, conventional fertilization and no-nitrogen treatment were set up to determine the effects of accurate fertilization on grain yield and its components and the main growth indexes of rice. Results showed that, the accurate fertilization achieved a high grain yield of 11365.05 kg/hm2, higher than conventional fertilization 7.10% and no-nitrogen treatment 60.09%, respectively. The accurate fertilization increased spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight, but it decreased panicles and seed-setting rate slightly. The main growth indexes of accurate fertilization in rice improved significantly, with its panicle rate increasing by 2.41% in comparison with conventional fertilization. Accurate fertilization, not only can save fertilizer and improve the ecological environment, but also was an important technical approach of reaching high grain yield and efficiency in rice sustainable production, with broad prospects for application.

  Effects of Different Mulching Measures on Soil Moisture and Temperature of Hilly Land and Peanut Growth 2012, 2 (7):  16-21.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 1155KB )   ( 1505 ) For discussing the cultivation technical measures of peanut, in order to improve soil fertility level and water storage and conservation capacity of hilly land, and to ensure the sustained increasing of peanut yield in hill country, the experiments were carried out on the effects of different mulching measures on soil moisture and temperature of hilly land and the growth of peanut at two typical hilly peanut production areas. The results showed that, compared with open field cultivation (conventional mode), soil water content under film and straw bio-mulching treatment and film mulching treatment was significantly higher than that under straw mulching and open field treatment at the early growth stage of peanut. Meanwhile, different coating measures had the significantly improving effects on soil temperature at the early growth stage of peanut, and among them, the increased range of the binary mulching and film mulching treatment was larger. Different mulching measures had a significant promoting role on the growth and development process of peanut, ahead of 3-5 d. Different mulching measures improved the pod yield of peanut, among them, the pod yield under film and straw bio-mulching treatment was the highest, which was average higher 23.15% than open field cultivation treatment. The comprehensive evaluation showed that, a binary covers with film and straw mulching can integrate the advantages of both them, which was an important cultivation technical measure to improve soil fertility level and water storage and conservation capacity of hilly land, and to ensure the sustained increasing of peanut yield in hill country.

  Research Actuality of Paris polyphylla Smith var．Yunnanensis (Franch) Hand.-Mazz.breeding 2012, 2 (7):  22-24.  Abstract + ( 1521 )   PDF ( 1023KB )   ( 2128 ) The Paris polyphylla Smith var．Yunnanensis(Franch) Hand.-Mazz. breeding, the breeding methods and problems are analyzed and discussed in the research, the conventional breeding method is the brief and effective methods in high quality and yield variety breeding. This paper suggests that strengthen the studying on heredity and variation regular pattern and speeding up the propress of breeding can improve breeding efficiency.

  Total RNA Extraction and RT-PCR of Walnut Bud 2012, 2 (7):  25-28.  Abstract + ( 1414 )   PDF ( 1501KB )   ( 1392 ) Extracting high-quality total RNA from walnut buds is a complicated and rigorous precess as the walnut tissue is rich in phenolic compounds、polysaccharides and other secondary metabolites, this may influence the follow-up molecular biology research. In this paper, we discussed different extraction method of Walnut buds and obtained a effective method. The results showed that added PVPP to the grinding and the use of modified SDS method of PH9.0 sodium borate buffer and the modified CTAB method can extract walnut buds RNA well,and we got the target fragment with the reaction of RT-PCR.So we can acquire the conclusion that our method about extracting walnut bud RNA is available to be used for the research ahout Walnut’s flowering gene .

  Impact of Heat-tolerance on the Conidial Germination of Beauveria bassiana 2012, 2 (7):  29-32.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 1114KB )   ( 1400 ) Heat-tolerance experiments were conducted among Beauveria bassiana isolates collected from Drosicha corpulenta Kuwana in Yantai City to examine the high temperature influence on the germination rates of conidia. Germination of conidia was assessed after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h of incubation at 37, 38, 39 or 40℃. The germination rates of conidia, from 65% to 98%, were not markedly influenced after isolates being exposed to 37℃ for 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 h. While the germination rates of conidia, ranging 4% to 90% were markedly declined with increasing exposure temperature (38, 39, or 40℃) and time (1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 h). CYT5 and CYT10 isolates displayed higher the germination rates of conidia (86%-90%) than other isolates after 1 h of incubation at 40℃. The results showed that CYT5 and CYT10 were the most-tolerant isolates. In general, the germination of conidia was restrained by high temperature.

  Study on Adaptability of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaprorariorum to Host Plants in Shandong Province 2012, 2 (7):  33-36.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 1370KB )   ( 1583 ) In order to determine the adaptability of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaprorariorum to different host plants in Shandong provience, distribution was studied through investigating the occurrence in field of the two insect pests in Chengyang of Qingdao, Laiyang of Yantai and Zoucheng of Jining, and the survival ratio of the two insect pests feeding on eggplants, tobacco, cucumber and tomato was studied in the laboratory from 2007 to 2008. The results showed that B. tabaci caused serious damage in Laiyang, while T. vaprorariorum was not commonplace; T. vaprorariorum was the dominant specie in Chengyang, while B. tabaci were seldom found; B. tabaci and T. vaprorariorum almost took the same percentage in Zoucheng, but the host plants of former distributed more widely. The indoor survival ratio of T. vaprorariorum feeding on tomato and tobacco was significantly lower than that of T. vaprorariorum feeding on the other two host plants, and only when feeding on tomato, the indoor survival ratio of B. tabaci was lower. The experiment indicated that there were different adaptability of B. tabaci and T. vaprorariorum in different areas and host plants.

  Application and Development Prospect of the Super Absorbent Polymer in Agricultural Production 2012, 2 (7):  37-42.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   PDF ( 1049KB )   ( 1683 ) In order to promote the application and development of super absorbent polymers in agricultural production, the author briefly stated the action mechanism, the main types and characteristics, and the regulatory mechanisms of super absorbent polymers on soil moisture, soil nutrients, soil temperature and soil structure, as well as introduced the application technology and application effects of super absorbent polymers in agricultural production. The problems that should be noticed in agricultural production of super absorbent polymers were proposed; also the development prospect was put forward.

  The Study of Application Effect on Nitrogenous Fertilizer on Soybean 2012, 2 (7):  43-45.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 1086KB )   ( 1245 ) Adding fertilizer biological activating agent of nitrogen fertilizer (referred to as N+), can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, through the study of the N+ on soybean application effect, determine the optimal dosage and application methods, validation of fertilizer biological activating agent in nitrogenous fertilizer is able to exact to increase the utilization rate of fertilizer. The results showed that in this experiment condition, 1 hm2 applying nitrogenous fertilizer+ 85% 38.25 kg, 180 kg, 50% 75 kg ammonium potassium sulfate yield significant than CK 147.75 kg/hm2, increase rate was 4.12%.

  Problems and Countermeasures of Biogas Development in Weihui County 2012, 2 (7):  46-48.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 935KB )   ( 1592 ) In order to provide the decision basis for biogas development, countermeasures were proposed based on existing problems of biogas construction. This paper takes Weihui county as study object in Henan province, advanced biogas building county. A brief description was given about its agriculture, industry base and biogas development situation, the problems lying in biogas building work were analyzed such as the simple rural biogas development model, the unadvanced large and medium-sized methane project construction, the imperfect service system and the uncomprehensive utilization of biogas resources. Based on practical experience, the biogas development countermeasures were summarized, enhancing the government organizational leadership, giving full play to the exemplary leading role, increasing the investment, nichetargeting development patterns and developing biogas association to perfect the service system.

  Effect of germination and physiological indexes of different wine grapes overwintering under arid condition 2012, 2 (7):  49-54.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 1452KB )   ( 1316 ) The experiment was studied on the statistics of germination rate and growth coefficient and the determination of soluble sugar, proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of different wine grapes overwintering after under arid condition, the results showed that the germination rate from high to low was SO4>520A>Ln33> Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia >5BB> Beta >101-14>110-R > Cabernet Franc >LDP294= fenghuang = Pinot Noir > Merlot184> Vidal > Merlot 347 under arid condition. The content sequence between soluble sugar and proline showing the same basically, which was in accord with the germination rate. In contrary, the SOD activity had significantly differences with soluble sugar and proline. This study suggests that the stress resistance of wine grape varieties could be selected effectively through the statistics of germination rate, growth status and determination of the soluble sugar, proline content.

  Effects of Zinc on Growth and Activities of Protective Enzymes of Cucumber Seedling Roots 2012, 2 (7):  55-58.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 2125KB )   ( 1138 ) To improve the yield and quality of cucumber, the study dealt with the effects of zinc on growth and activities of protective enzymes of cucumber seedling roots, which cultivated in hydroponic nutrient solution (zinc deficiency 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution), with different concentrations of ZnSO4?7H2O solution (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/L). The results showed that: (1) With increasing concentrations of zinc, the total length of roots of cucumber seedlings, average diameter, total area, total volume, the number of root tips increased gradually, reached the peak in Zn3 (0.4 mg/L). (2)In the Zn0 (0 mg/L) to Zn2 (0.2 mg/L) range, with the zinc concentration increased, POD, CAT activity increased. When zinc concentrations greater than Zn2, POD, CAT activity decreased; SOD activity increased significantly with increase in zinc concentration; malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly reduced with increase of zinc. (3)Considering the physiological indicators of root growth of cucumber seedlings, the optimum concentration of ZnSO4?7H2O was: 0.2mg/L of 1/2Hoagland nutrient solution.

  A Variety Comparison Experiment on Crane Tendril Cultivation of Melon in Plastic Tunnel During Early Spring in Linyi 2012, 2 (7):  59-62.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 1370KB )   ( 1431 ) To solve variety singularity and aging of oriental sweet melon in Linyi, and screen a (or several) new cultured variety that adaptive for plastic tunnel during early spring in our city, we carried out a variety comparison experiment between five new introduced melon varieties and the local mainly planted varieties ‘Jingtian 208’ , and some traits, such as growth vigor, earliness, high yield, fruit commodity value and disease resistance were surveyed. The results showed that distinct advantages and disadvantages existed between the three new introduced melon varieties (‘Baiyishengxue’, ‘Ribentianbao’ and ‘Baishami’) and the local mainly planted varieties ‘Jingtian 208’. The comprehensive characters of ‘Shantian 1’ and ‘Zaobaitangwang’ were excellent, they showed nice growth vigor, disease resistance and earliness, and compare with ‘Jingtian 208’, their production increased by 29.97% and 4.37% respectively.

  Effect of Grafting Cultivation and Nitrogen Application on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Cucumber 2012, 2 (7):  63-65.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 1080KB )   ( 1534 ) In order to understand the characteristic of nitrogen uptake and utilization of grafting cultivation on cucumber yield, the relationship between cultivation methods and fertilization on cucumber yield, experiment was conducted using split spot design that cucumber ‘Cuilv’ was the scion and pumpkin ‘Qingyan stock No.1’ was the rootstocks. The results showed that cucumber yield reached after grafting 60380.18 kg/hm2, compared with 62.02% increase from the root cultivation. Grafting cultivation and fertilization treatments were significant improve cucumber nitrogen uptake were 32.44% and 28.13%, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency was no significant difference.

  The integration of urban and rural foundation in Heilongjiang Province: centralized residence of farmers, land intensive use 2012, 2 (7):  66-71.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   PDF ( 1054KB )   ( 1455 ) Abstract: In order to research how to accelerate the process of integration of urban and rural, realizing the integration of urban and rural construction target in Heilongjiang province. Setting the building Heilongjiang reclamation area and local regional experimental area in Heilongjiang province as a sample, we used the method of investigation, and analyzed the integration of urban and rural construction in Heilongjiang province. The results show that urbanization level has showed a slow growth rate, which restricted urban and rural integration process in Heilongjiang province in recent 10 years. To realize the integration of urban and rural areas in Heilongjiang province must be based on living concentration, land intensive utilization .The necessity lies in it is helpful for realizing agricultural scale of production and mechanization, improving the degree of organization of farmers, contracting urban and rural difference of residents’ standard of living, balancing urban and rural development, conducting social integration and optimization of resources, and centralizing financial and material resources to accelerate the pace of urbanization. Moreover, the result has political, economic and financial, technical, administrative and operational aspects of the feasibility.

  Explore of Science and Technology Specia Correspondent Venture System and Service Model 2012, 2 (7):  72-78.  Abstract + ( 1813 )   PDF ( 1402KB )   ( 1655 ) Abstract: According to the innovation and venture practice of science and technology corresponddent (STC) in Quanzhou, Analysis STC composition and service field, researches STC venture system and service mo-del. The agriculture-science-education and production-college-Institute model acting as the core, the ven- ture project of Quanzhou STC was established,Constructing five venture system which are the leadership coordination, experts support, S&T project lead, S&T service platform and technology incubation demons-tration;building rural STC, enterprise STC, legal person STC, industry STC and network STC; creating 205 STC venture bases of technology-enterprice and technology-peasant model from provincial, city to county;organizing STC demonstration project from rural venture and enterprise innovation; thrusting the newcountryside construction in Haixi. It was put forward that establishing STC long-term Incentive mech-anism, seting up STC industrial team and innovation strategic alliances, and promoting the sustainable development of STC venture project.