Abstract: In order to promote modern agriculture development of Shandong Province and guide the wheat production, it is analyzed and discussed in the paper for the total production of wheat, the yield of per unit area, planting area, change trend of recent 30 years, spatial distribution and its science and technology supporting elements, by adopting the research methods of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results showed that, due to the influence of spatial distribution and the investment of science and technology, although the wheat planting area was gradually reducing, the total production changed a little for much of these productivity gains. So it was concluded that the spatial distribution should be made the proper adjustments, planting area should be stabilized at a certain level, investment in agricultural science and technology should be further increased, single production level of wheat should be gradually raised, and so the wheat safety in Shandong would indeed be fulfilled.