Abstract: Different varieties of sweet potato were chosen to establish the virus-free and rapid propagation of meristem culture technology system more effectively, the experiments included hormone concentration research, the first time of transgenic subculture, distilled water was replaced by running water, sucrose was replaced by white granulated sugar and so on. The results showed that the MS medium contains 0.5-1.0 mg/L 6-BA, 0.05-0.2 mg/L NAA was the optimal medium for differentiation; 13-20 days after transplantation was the optimal time for transgenic subculture, the survival rate was as high as 74.3%; there was a high seedling rate (90%) when replaced sucrose and distilled water by white granulated sugar and running water; virus-free seed had obvious advantages in production, had a yield increase ranging from 5.2%~68.6%.