Abstract: In order to effectively prevent and control sweet potato stem rot, during the five years from 2012 to 2016 much was done about sweet potato stem rot involving pathogenic bacteria identification, occurrence regularity investigation as well as prevention and control test. The results showed that Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Dickeya dadantii and Fusarium solani worked together to give rise to sweet potato stem rot in Taizhou area, and Fusarium solani was the main cause. It was also found that Fusarium solani appeared at the end of June or at the beginning of July and became more in August and September when it rained much, also more and more severe damage was caused to sweet potato, output decreasing over 50% or even no harvest. Such measures for cultivation as different cultivation, virus-free cuttings, plastic mulch and applying organic fertilizer failed to reduce the incidence rate and output losses, but postponing cutting period till the end of June could reduce the losses to a certain extent. Meanwhile, YA3008, a disease-resistant material, was found to increase output to 38542.5Skg/hm2 and 32.5％ amistar top SC , a chemical agent with control efficacy, was detected. Comprehensive results of the past five years’ tests showed the strategies for preventing and controlling sweet potato stem rot should be based on disease-resistant variety selection and application combining with agricultural control and chemical control measures.