Abstract: Varicorhinus macrolepis was a small precious species in Mount Tai and one of the Class Ⅱ national protected species in China. Because of the development and human activities in Mount Tai area, Varicorhinus macrolepis wild resources had once drastically reduced and been on the verge of extinction. This article reviewed different kinds of activities in order to protect this rare freshwater fish germplasm resources, inclulding governments’ protection measures, scientific institute protection research, efforts of local enterprises, farmers and social groups. Through the analysis of these protective measures and achievements, this article considered the protection and development pattern combining governments, scientific institutes, enterprises, farms and social groups was a successful method and gained remarkable achievements. Varicorhinus macrolepis germplasm resources had been obviously recovered and successfully developed and utilized in nutrition, health care, tourism, culture and other areas. Therefore the protection pattern of Varicorhinus macrolepis had active reference value for protection, reproduction and development of other precious germplasm resources.