Abstract: To study the spatial distribution pattern of alpine vegetation ecosystem in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and its responses to global climate change, we took alpine meadows in the QTP as the research object, and selected 8 typical experimental areas at different elevations, with each area setting both contrast samples and warming samples. The results show that: (1) Gramineae is the main dominant family in the experimental areas lower than 4000 m, but Cyperaceae is the main dominant family in the areas higher than 4000 m; (2) the species diversity is relatively high in the middle elevation in the experimental areas, and the species diversity in the low elevation area is higher than that in the high elevation; (3) active warming and passive warming have different effects on the species diversity of alpine meadows in the QTP, but warming reduces the species diversity in general, and the dominant families in the community (Gramineae and Cyperaceae ) are more sensitive to warming. Therefore, both warming and elevations have important effects on the species diversity of alpine meadows in the QTP and reduce the species diversity of alpine meadow