Abstract: The paper aims to reflect current landscape characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages. We selected 4 villages in the northwest Yixing in Heshun as the study area, and conducted the comparative analysis of landscape patch characteristics and spatial characteristics based on ArcGIS 10.1 and landscape index, and by adopting the results of the right to rural land management registration data. The results showed that: the abandoned farmland accounted for a large proportion of the total landscape area, the abandonment was serious, the patch was broken, but the shape was simple and regular and the degree of aggregation was high, so it was easy to develop and reuse; compared with the cultivated farmland landscape, the abandoned landscape was broken, the shape was complex and the distribution was dispersed, but there were exceptional individual villages; the characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages were different, and the natural environment and social development characteristics of villages had great influence on abandoned farmland landscape. Through the landscape pattern analysis of the abandoned land by using the right data to rural land management registration, it is possible to accurately grasp the characteristics of abandoned land, improve the utilization rate of cultivated land, support the agricultural land transfer and consolidation work to realize the large-scale agricultural production, and develop the rural economy.