Current issue

• 2019 Vol.9 No.8 Published:18 August 2019

  Rapid Decomposition of Straw: Effect on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in the Rice Region of Southern China 2019, 9 (8):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070033 Abstract + ( 413 )   PDF ( 1249KB )   ( 358 ) The objective is to study straw returning technology in the rice region of southern China, and to provide technical support for substituting straw returning (rapid) decomposition for some nitrogen and reduce nitrogen fertilizer use scientifically. Under the condition of straw returning, different decomposing agent quantities and nitrogen reducing combinations were set up, rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency were detected. Reducing 20% (17%-33%) nitrogen quantity under straw returning model, the average yield was slightly lower than that of conventional fertilizer model. However, there was difference between rice cultivars. The yield of‘Huahang 48’with the treatment of reducing 1/6 nitrogen quantity, 30 kg/hm2 decomposition agent and 60 kg/hm2 decomposition agent, was slightly higher than that of the control. The yield of‘Guang 8 youjinzhan’with the treatment of non decomposition agent and reducing 1/6 nitrogen quantity, 60 kg/hm2 decomposition agent and reducing 1/3 nitrogen quantity, was the highest, but the difference was not significant. In addition, nitrogen agronomy use efficiency and partial factor productivity of‘Huahang 48’under the straw returning model increased by 60.2% and 35.4% , respectively. Rice cultivar selection and straw returning (rapid) decomposition instead of nitrogen reducing is feasible, it is an effective way for nitrogen reducing and rice stable yield.

  Breeding of National Approved New Maize Variety‘Shengrui 999’with High Yield and High-density Resistance 2019, 9 (8):  7-9.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050017 Abstract + ( 915 )   PDF ( 1085KB )   ( 484 ) To meet the market requirement for high-yield and high-density resistance maize, the new maize variety‘Shengrui 999’was bred using‘Sheng 68’as female parent and‘Sheng 62’as male parent. In 2011- 2012 Huanghuai summer maize regional trial, the average annual yield was 10035.7 kg/hm2, which was 6.3% higher than that of the control‘Zhengdan 958’. In 2012 Huanghuai summer maize production trial, the average yield was 10336.5 kg/hm2, which was 7.1% higher than that of the control‘Zhengdan 958’. In 2013, the variety was approved by the Henan Provincial and National Crop Variety Approval Committee, its main features are high yield and stability, outstanding lodging resistance, high- density resistance and superior quality, and it is suitable for being planted in summer in Henan, Shandong, Baoding and the south of Hebei, Guanzhong Irrigation District of Shaanxi, northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui and southern Shanxi.

  Varieties Selection and Evaluation of Food and Fodder Dual-purpose Silage Maize 2019, 9 (8):  14-18.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070004 Abstract + ( 488 )   PDF ( 1247KB )   ( 382 ) Nutrient quality characters and field performance of three ordinary maize varieties were evaluated to screen the suitable maize varieties for food and fodder dual-purpose in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. Three ordinary maize varieties and the silage maize‘Yayu8’were planted. Agronomic characters and lodging resistance were investigated during the growth period. The whole plant was harvested in the mature period, and then biomass and quality characters were determined. There was obvious difference in fresh matter content among the varieties, and‘Xundan509’had the highest yield with 78139.05 kg/hm2, and increased by 5.22% compared with the control. Dry matter content of‘Yongyou1573’was the highest (26.70%).‘Xundan509’had the highest plant height (288.89 cm), the longest length of three-ear-leaves (94.63 cm) and the largest width of three-ear-leaves (9.89 cm). There was no significant difference in the major quality characters among the three maize varieties.‘Xundan509’had lower acidic detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content, which was 22.33% and 48.85% respectively.‘Zhengdan958’had the highest content of crude protein with 10.2%. The crude fat contents of three varieties were all less than that of the control.‘Yongyou1573’had the highest rind-penetration-resistance level (62.80 N/mm2). Taken together, ‘Xundan509’ is suitable for planting as silage maize,‘Yongyou1573’and‘Zhengdan958’could be used as improved varieties of silage maize.

  Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Growth and N/P Utilization Ratio in Brassica campestris in East Henan 2019, 9 (8):  14-18.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500049 Abstract + ( 314 )   PDF ( 1247KB )   ( 293 ) In view of the problem of rural non-point source pollution caused by chemical fertilizers and livestock wastes, the effects of organic fertilizer replacement on the growth and nutrient utilization of typical vegetables were explored in the combination of planning and breeding areas. The east Henan area was selected and the field plot test method was applied to compare the effects of different organic fertilizer substitution ratios on the yield, quality and fertilizer utilization rate of Brassica campestris, and determine the best substitution ratio. The results showed that: under the condition of basic fertilization amount (20.00 gN/m2, 9.68 gP2O5/m2), the partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer could guarantee its high yield and quality, improve nitrogen and phosphorus contents and nutrient utilization of B. campestris. The yield of some organic fertilizer replacement groups increased slightly compared with the 100% fertilizer group (H5). Furthermore, the replacement of organic fertilizer reduced the content of nitrate and nitrous in B. campestris by up to 28.13% and 83.64%. The 75% organic fertilizer replacement group (H2) had the highest soluble sugar content, which was 1.55 times that of the fertilizer group. In addition, the organic fertilizer replacement proportion of highest nitrogen and phosphorus utilization was 75% and 50%, which was 1.64 times and 1.31 times that of the fertilizer group respectively. In conclusion, the optimal ratio of organic fertilizer replacement proportion was 75%, which could ensure the high yield and quality of B. campestris and increase the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus. So the results of this study could provide a scientific basis for the regional determination of organic fertilizers to replace fertilizers rationally. It is an important way to reduce fertilizer use, decrease the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss and control non-point source pollution.

  Abandoned Farmland in Different Types of Villages: Comparative Analysis of Landscape Pattern Characteristics 李晓雅 and 2019, 9 (8):  19-25.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500037 Abstract + ( 377 )   PDF ( 1519KB )   ( 349 ) The paper aims to reflect current landscape characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages. We selected 4 villages in the northwest Yixing in Heshun as the study area, and conducted the comparative analysis of landscape patch characteristics and spatial characteristics based on ArcGIS 10.1 and landscape index, and by adopting the results of the right to rural land management registration data. The results showed that: the abandoned farmland accounted for a large proportion of the total landscape area, the abandonment was serious, the patch was broken, but the shape was simple and regular and the degree of aggregation was high, so it was easy to develop and reuse; compared with the cultivated farmland landscape, the abandoned landscape was broken, the shape was complex and the distribution was dispersed, but there were exceptional individual villages; the characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages were different, and the natural environment and social development characteristics of villages had great influence on abandoned farmland landscape. Through the landscape pattern analysis of the abandoned land by using the right data to rural land management registration, it is possible to accurately grasp the characteristics of abandoned land, improve the utilization rate of cultivated land, support the agricultural land transfer and consolidation work to realize the large-scale agricultural production, and develop the rural economy.

  Effects of Different Rhizome on Growth and Yield of Houttuynia cordata 2019, 9 (8):  26-31.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190400011 Abstract + ( 425 )   PDF ( 1418KB )   ( 314 ) [Objective]The paper aimed at solving problems of non-ideal yield because of mixing rhizome of Houttuynia cordata. [Method]the rhizome of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Da Hong from Jiangyou county, Mianyang city was used as material, and the effects of rhizome diameter level, cutting length and age on sprout number, plant height, leaf quantity, leaf area, yield and output type were tested. [Result]Treatment with 5 cm cutting length had the highest sprout number but weak growth in later period; treatment with 15 cm cutting length had a distinct advantage in aspects such as plant height, leaf quantity and leaf area; treatment with 10 cm cutting length and medium rhizome diameter level had larger yield distinctly than others; treatment with superior rhizome diameter level of 10 cm cutting length could produce the largest distribution proportion and quality ratio rhizome with superior diameter level than other levels; One-year old rhizome had the highest sprout number and yield. [Conclusion]Treatment with 15 cm cutting length was the best pretreatment condition in terms of above-ground part yield; treatment with 10 cm cutting length and medium rhizome diameter level was the best pretreatment condition in terms of below-ground part yield; treatment with superior rhizome diameter level was the best choice in terms of harvesting goodSgerm plasmSresource; One-year old rhizome was more suitable than perennial ones as production material.

  Technical Regulations for Standardized Planting and Production of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in Tianjin 郭兴科,刘文忠 and 胡云峰 2019, 9 (8):  32-35.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120023 Abstract + ( 311 )   PDF ( 1145KB )   ( 304 ) In order to further improve the quality and safety of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in Tianjin, according to the relevant provisions of the standardized production of green food, and in combination with production practice, technical regulations for the standardized planting and production of green food Hawthorn were formulated, including the natural conditions of cultivation area, seedling propagation, garden construction, cultivation management, harvesting, inspection, packaging, storage and transportation, etc.

  Rehmannia glutinosa in Dong’e of Shandong: Suitable Variety Selection and Effect of Planting and Fertilization on Yield 2019, 9 (8):  36-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030002 Abstract + ( 438 )   PDF ( 1284KB )   ( 353 ) The paper aims to select varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa which are suitable for planting in Shandong and determine appropriate planting and fertilization mode. We compared the effects of planting and fertilization modes on the yield of 4 different R. glutinosa varieties. The results showed that: the comprehensive traits of‘Beijing No.3’showed excellent performance and could be planted as the main variety in this area; the high border planting method should be adopted in the area with more rainwater, and the film mulching greatly increased the yield of R. glutinosa; suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium dosage could increase the yield of R. radix, and the economic application amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 238.5 kg/hm2, 262.5 kg/hm2, 120.0 kg/hm2, respectively, the economic yield was 35859.0 kg/hm2 and the theoretical maximum yield was 35917.0 kg/hm2.

  Preliminary Study on Quality Standard of Glehnia littoralis Seeds 贾俊英,,徐建平,王聪聪,张春红 and 李旻辉 2019, 9 (8):  41-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19030014 Abstract + ( 495 )   PDF ( 1425KB )   ( 350 ) In order to establish the quality grading standard of the seeds of Glehnia littoralis. By observing the external morphology of the seeds and measuring its indicators of purity, plumpness, water content, 1000-grain weight, germination rate and viability, the quality grading standard of the seeds of Glehnia littoralis was established. The results show that: The seed quality of different treatments was divided into three grades: the purity of the first, second and third grade seeds before sand storage was ≥95.0%, 90.0%, 85.0%, respectively; the plumpness was ≥70.0%, 60.0%, 50.0%, respectively; the water content was 8.0%~12.0%, 8.0%~12.0%, ≥12.0% or ≤8.0%, respectively; 1000-grain weight was ≥23.00g, 18.00g, 15.00g, respectively; germination rate was ≥12.0%, 10.0%, 8.0%, respectively; viability was ≥35.0%, 25%, 15%, respectively. The germination rate of the first, second and third grade seeds after sand storage was ≥65.0%, 60.0%, 55.0%, respectively; viability was ≥70.0%, 65.0%, 60.0%, respectively, and the other indicators are consistent with the grading standard of seed before sand storage. In this paper, the quality grading standard of the seeds of Glehnia littoralis has been preliminarily established, which can provide reference for the quality evaluation in the process of production and marketing and the establishment of the quality standard for Glehniae Radix.

  Plant Landscape of Tang Style in Xi’an: A Case of the Tang Paradise 2019, 9 (8):  48-53.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120020 Abstract + ( 534 )   PDF ( 2649KB )   ( 565 ) The Tang Paradise is a large-scale cultural theme park presents the Tang Dynasty style landscape, whose plant landscape design is the most representative of the Tang landscape in Xi’an. It can reflect the characteristics and development trend of Tang style plant landscape design. Site investigation method was used to record the plant species composition and community structure of the Tang Paradise, combining with plant applications in Hibiscus garden in the Tang Dynasty, to analyze the plant arrangement and landscape features in the main scenic site. In general, the plant landscape of Tang Paradise follows the themes of Tang style landscape, presents the artistic beauty of Tang culture, and has reasonable plants selection and arrangement, which can form a seasonal dynamic composition.

  Selenium-Rich Shrimp Production Technology 2019, 9 (8):  54-57.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18060014 Abstract + ( 404 )   PDF ( 1247KB )   ( 330 ) The effects of selenium on the growth performance and immune activity of Penaeus vannamei are explored. Selenium-enriched yeast was added to animal feed to prepare different concentrations of organic selenium feed. After the animals were fed, the physiological indicators and antioxidant enzyme activities were detected. The results were as follows: the growth performance and antioxidative enzyme activity of young P. vannamei in the experimental group showed an upward trend. In the 0.6 μg/g selenium-enriched group, the body weight reached the maximum of 0.469 g, it was 1.47 times that of the blank control group, with a significant difference (P<0.05). The maximum body length of 2.50 cm in the experimental group was 0.38 cm higher than the 2.12 cm in the control group, and the growth rate reached 17%. The glutathione peroxidase maximum in the experimental group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05). In enzyme activity, the maximum value was 165.591 U/mL, an increased by 191% compared with 56.874 U/mL of the control group. Compared with the control group, the best group of catalase activity had an increase by 79% The above results showed that organic selenium feed could promote the growth of body length and body weight of P. vannamei, and increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase.

  Maize in China: The Relationship Between Planting Distribution and Climate 2019, 9 (8):  58-68.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050031 Abstract + ( 388 )   PDF ( 2191KB )   ( 991 ) Corn is the world"s most widely grown cereal crops, rice and wheat acreage behind, but the first of the three cereal production ranks, has become China"s first major crops. Many studies show that the impact of climate change on crops is very sensitive, and our corn is still largely dependent on agricultural climate resources, spatial distribution pattern of corn by the effects of climate conditions. Maximum entropy model, this paper affect the distribution of corn dominant factor was subsequently analyzed and divided climatic suitability distribution of maize growing areas, provide a scientific basis for the development of maize response to climate change.

  Management Application of Agricultural Research Test Station in China (Station or 2019, 9 (8):  69-73.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120021 Abstract + ( 428 )   PDF ( 1044KB )   ( 471 ) Agricultural scientific research is a scientific research activity that takes experiment and application as the main idea and solves practical problems in agricultural production. It has remarkable effectiveness. With the continuous expansion of the scale of agricultural scientific experiments and the research results in the laboratory stage, before they are widely used in agricultural production to promote agricultural production and increase income, it needs a "complete simulation of the field environment" with the same conditions of temperature and humidity, soil quality, biological community, natural geography and agricultural production conditions, so as to promote the achievements of agricultural scientific research to the production practice platform. To promote the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements into productive forces as soon as possible, agricultural test stations (platforms or science and technology parks, hereinafter referred to as agricultural test stations) have been created. Agricultural experimental stations play an irreplaceable and positive role in agricultural research, agricultural production teaching and transformation and extension of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. This paper combines the author''s years of experience in the management of agricultural test stations, and at the same time devotes itself to exploring and studying the construction and management of some typical foreign agricultural test stations, and makes further comparison and analysis with China''s agricultural test stations. Combining with China''s current strategy of agricultural modernization and rural revitalization, this paper puts forward higher requirements for agricultural test stations, in order to do a good job in future agricultural test stations. New suggestions and measures are put forward for the construction, management and application of the station.

  Wine Culture Tourism in Yantai: Analysis of Consumers’Satisfaction and Its Influencing Factors 隋好林 and 2019, 9 (8):  74-79.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010007 Abstract + ( 372 )   PDF ( 1162KB )   ( 342 ) In order to create characteristic wine cultural tourism industry of Yantai, and to expand the tourism market, wine culture tourism consumer satisfaction of Yantai was analyzed and studied by use of questionnaire survey and Likert 5-level scale method. The results showed that average satisfaction of consumers with Yantai wine cultural tourism was over 3.8 points with a basic level of satisfaction. The gender, age, education degree, income level and other social and demographic characteristics of consumers were closely related to their satisfaction. With the increase of age, the satisfaction with wine cultural tourism of consumers is increased; however, with the increase of educational background, the satisfaction with wine cultural tourism of consumers is gradually decreased, and the correlation between the two reaches a significant level. At the same time, catering conditions, traffic factors, consumption prices and other scenic spots are also directly related to the satisfaction with wine culture tourism of consumers.

  Rural Tourism Development Status from the Perspective of Industrial Integration: A Case of Qianjiadian Town of Yanqing District in Beijing 2019, 9 (8):  80-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19040018 Abstract + ( 334 )   PDF ( 1202KB )   ( 349 ) Industrial integration is a new way of agricultural transformation and development, and rural tourism is an organic integration of agriculture and tourism. Qian Jia Dian town of Yanqing District in Beijing always adheres to the concept of green development. In line with the development idea of "ecological environment Town, leisure tourism rich town and strong regional culture", the unique development path of folk custom tourism has been formed. Analysis the development of rural tourism in Qian Jia Dian town from the perspective of industry integration, it is found that Qian Jia Dian town has the advantages of good ecological environment, abundant tourism resources, and good foundation for the development of folklore tourism. While it is developing steadily, there are some problems such as lack of integration between scenic spots and residential quarters, inconvenience of transportation within the region, incomplete public facilities, low level of practitioners and lack of feedback and communication. Accordingly, it is proposed to promote the tourism development from improving public and infrastructure facilities, improving the management level of villagers, setting up folklore tourism cooperatives, strengthening integration with other industries, and creating "Internet + folk tourism" community.

  Rural Tourism Promotion Strategy in the Suburb of Beijing Based on the Supply-side Reform: Taking Changping District as an Example 2019, 9 (8):  85-91.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080024 Abstract + ( 277 )   PDF ( 1354KB )   ( 358 ) The Supply-side Reform is the inevitable choice to improve the quality and efficiency of rural tourism, which is more prominent in the suburbs of Beijing facing the huge tourist market. Based on the theory of Supply-side Reform, this paper studied the Strategies for the promotion and development of rural tourism in Changping District of Beijing. Based on the characteristics of the development of rural tourism in Changping and combined with the questionnaire survey data, this paper finded the problems and gaps of rural tourism in Changping. The study also put forward some strategies to promote the development of rural tourism with a deeply analyzing the resources, market and policies of rural tourism development in Changping. To promote the Supply-side Reform of rural tourism, Changping should construct the characteristic towns and villages by differentiation, build the agricultural park and the rural complex, and develop the demonstration project of agricultural and forestry tourism.

  Rural Environmental Pollution Problems and Countermeasures in the Construction of New Countryside------a case of Henan Province 2019, 9 (8):  92-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010003 Abstract + ( 391 )   PDF ( 1418KB )   ( 477 ) [Objective] "The clean and tidy village" is one of the main tasks and objectives of the new rural construction, and also a key and more difficult link in the construction of the rural standardization system. This study aims to study the agricultural province of Henan to provide in-depth view for effectively solving environmental problems in the construction of new rural areas. [Methods] Based on the statistical data of Henan Province, this paper analyzes the rural environmental pollution in Henan Province from 2004 to 2016 by combing relevant literatures, and discusses the causes of rural environmental pollution in Henan Province. On this basis, it proposes countermeasures for rural environmental pollution in the province. [Results] The research shows that although the growth trend of rural environmental pollutants in Henan Province has slowed down, the total amount of emissions is still high. The prominent problems are mainly rural domestic waste, rural aquaculture manure and agricultural production chemistry products and so on. [Conclusion] Therefore, it is necessary to further increase the capital investment in pollution control, strengthen infrastructure construction, enhance farmers'' environmental awareness and strengthen rural environmental protection legal system management.