Abstract: The paper aims to systematically review the protection and utilization of Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan dry-hot valley and formulate reasonable protection and utilization countermeasures.Based on the analysis and summary of the utilization value, habitat and distribution characteristics, protection and utilization status of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan Province, this paper summarized the research results of the requirements of Yunnan wild Phyllanthus emblica L. on the growth environment conditions, main distribution areas and habitat situation, population distribution characteristics, wildpopulation status and so on.The results showed that the population of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. germplasm resources in Yunnan dry-hot valley was decreasing year by year due to the demand of national construction and exploitation and predatory harvesting, and the survival environment of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. was facing great threat. On the basis of the above analysis and study, the corresponding technical measures and methods for further protection and development of wild Phyllanthus emblica in Yunnan dry-hot valley were put forward. It provides a guarantee for the development of the industry and the innovation and utilization of germplasm resources.