Current issue

• 2019 Vol.9 No.9 Published:16 September 2019

  The Influence Factors of Glume Dehiscence in Rice Seeds 2019, 9 (9):  1-4.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19030021 Abstract + ( 446 )   PDF ( 1104KB )   ( 363 ) The paper aims to explore the influence of fertilizing and gibberellin on glume dehiscence of rice seeds. In this experiment, the parents of‘Guang 8 you 169’were chosen as tested materials. The experimental treatments included spraying foliar fertilizer, spraying gibberellin“920”and topdressing. The results showed that boron and zinc application at phase 4 of young panicle differentiation or at initial heading stage could significantly reduce the risk of glume dehiscence. The effect of boron and zinc application at both the two stages was more significant than that at separate stage. With the dose increase of gibberellin“920”and earlier or postponed spraying, the rate of glume dehiscence increased. It is ideal for‘Guang 8 you 169’to spray 225 g/hm2 gibberellin“920”at 25% panicles. When topdressing is conducted at the tillering stage, appropriately decreasing N fertilizer or increasing P K fertilizer could significantly reduce the rate of glume dehiscence.

  Comprehensive Evaluation and Development Trend of Silage Maize Varieties Approved by the State 2019, 9 (9):  5-10.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010010 Abstract + ( 462 )   PDF ( 1346KB )   ( 542 ) Breeding of new silage corn varieties is one of the main directions of maize breeding in China. Since the start of national examination and approval procedure of silage maize varieties in 2002, a total of 28 new silage maize varieties had approved the national validation by 2017. In the development trend of chinese silage corn breeding research in planting density, biological yield and quality, the biological output is gradually improved and the quality is enhanced with the increase of planting density. However, there is still a high level of neutral detergent fiber content. The target of silage corn breeding is that planting density needs to be controlled within 75000-105000 plants/hm2 in order to ensure more green leaf area which can improve quality and biological yield. Meanwhile, grain yield can exceed or meet the contrast standard of normal corn to ensure adequate starch content(more than 25%). The variety has high resistance or immunity to leaf disease, ear disease and stem rot, and is also resistant to lodging. Furthermore, in case that the neutral detergent fiber and the acid detergent fiber meet the first-class national quality standard, the lower the content, the better the variety. In addition, when the protein content is more than 7%, the higher the content, the better the variety.

  Two Kinds of Starch Type Sweet Potatoes: Differential Analysis of the Growth and Development Rule and Yield & Quality 2019, 9 (9):  11-16.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050029 Abstract + ( 413 )   PDF ( 1336KB )   ( 367 ) To meet the market need for high yield and good quality sweet potato cultivars and accelerate the breeding and popularization of a new line ‘Taishu 15’ of starch type sweet potato, in this experiment, ‘Jishu 25’ was used as a control to analyze the changes of biological characteristics at different developmental stages, yield and quality of ‘Taishu 15’. The results shown, on the biological characteristics, the length of vine and stem diameter of the two cultivars (lines) shown a continuous increase trend after planting 40-100 d, and the stem diameter of ‘Taishu 15’ was obviously greater than that of ‘Jishu 25’. The fresh weight of stem and leaf per plant, the leaf area per plant both shown a trend of first increased and then decreased, and reached the peak value at 80 d after planting. The potato fresh weight per plant and single potato weight increased continuously after planting, which the potato fresh weight per plant of ‘Taishu 15’ was significantly greater than that of ‘Jishu 25’. The T/R value continued to decrease after planting, while the storage root thickening rate reached the maximum of 80-100 d after planting. On yield and quality, the fresh potato yield and total soluble sugar content of ‘Taishu 15’ were all significantly higher than that of ‘Jishu 25’, which the fresh potato yield reached 38951.40 kg/hm2 and increased yield by 17.76%, the total soluble sugar content was 74.07 mg?g-1?DW. The difference of dry rate and starch content between two cultivars (lines) was relatively small, which the dry rate and starch content of ‘Taishu 15’ was 29.37% and 756.07 mg?g-1?DW respectively. The comprehensive performance of ‘Taishu 15’ was better.

  Research and Benefit Analysis of Directly Replanting Seed Cane in GT42 Ratoon: An Example of Xiangzhou, Guangxi in 2017 2019, 9 (9):  17-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070016 Abstract + ( 412 )   PDF ( 1118KB )   ( 475 ) We studied the effects of directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon on agronomic traits of sugarcane, aiming to solve the problem of plant missing in sugarcane ratoon by using GF98-296. Three treatments were designed, which were directly replanting seed cane of GF98-296 in GT42 ratoon (A), directly replanting seed cane of GT42 in GT42 ratoon (B) and natural ratoon of GT42 (CK). Seed cane replanting was carried out in 1-4 leaf stage of GT42 ratoon, the agronomic traits of all treatments were investigated and the economicbenefitswereanalyzedinharveststage.TheresultsshowedthattheyieldofAtreatmentwas 77.93t/hm2, increased by 22.18% and 34.03% respectively compared with 14.15 t/hm2 of B treatment and 19.79 t/hm2 of CK. The difference between the yield of B and CK was not significant. Directly replanting treatment did not affect the growth, effective stem, yield and sucrose content of GT42. The sucrose content of GF98-296 in A treatment was slightly higher than that of GT42. Directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon could increase the income by 5506.6 yuan/hm2 for sugarcane farmers, increase industrial output by 14813.2 yuan/hm2 for sugar enterprise. GF98-296 is suitable for directly replanting in GT42 ratoon, and this new technology should be demonstrated and promoted.

  Effects of Different Plants in Apple Orchard on Host Selection Behavior of Serica orientalis Motschulsky 2019, 9 (9):  23-27.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18090001 Abstract + ( 388 )   PDF ( 1237KB )   ( 342 ) To clarify the influence of different plants in apple orchard on the host selection behavior of Serica orientalis Motschulsky, and select the plants that have better repellent effect on Serica orientalis Motschulsky for agricultural control, from 2017 to 2018, an indoor test of Serica orientalis Motschulsky selection for 8 different plants was conducted, and 4 kinds of plants were selected for field intercropping. We observed and evaluated the repellent rate and leaf damage of different plants to Serica orientalis Motschulsky, and finally determined the plants with better repellent effect. The results showed that there were significant differences in the selection rate of the 8 species of plants. Wheat, barley, perilla and lavender had strong repellent effect on the Serica orientalis Motschulsky, and the selection rate of leaves was perilla> lavender> barley> wheat. The effect of onion, green garlic and mint on the Serica orientalis Motschulsky was not obvious, and the pepper seedlings had a strong trapping effect on the Serica orientalis Motschulsky. After intercropping wheat in the orchard, the repellent effect of Serica orientalis Motschulsky was the highest, and the leaf damage rate was the smallest. Therefore, priority should be given to the intercropping of wheat in production practice.

  Topography: Influence on Types of Stagnic Anthrosols and Their Diagnostic Features 2019, 9 (9):  28-35.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040014 Abstract + ( 407 )   PDF ( 1282KB )   ( 412 ) To understand the effects of topography on the spatial distribution of diagnostic features and soil types of Stagnic Anthrosols and to construct the relationships between landscape and the soil types and related diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics, 254 soil profiles were observed in the river network plain, coastal plain, valley plain, hilly and mountain area, and valley area of Zhejiang province, the relationships between soil types of stagnic Anthrosols, corresponding diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics and topography, elevation, slope and the micro-topography were explored. The results showed that topographic conditions could change the status and migration characteristics of soil moisture, and were the main factors that affected the differentiation of soil types of stagnic Anthrosols, and it played a decisive role in formation of the Fe-accumulated horizon, Fe-leached horizon, and gleyic features of stagnic Anthrosols. The investigation showed that the typical landforms of Fe-accumuli- stagnic Anthrosols were river valley plain, highland of the river network plain, alluvial fan, the hilly slope land, and the junction area of the coastal plain and the river network plain, those of the gleyi stagnic Anthrosols were depression of the river network plain, the center of the land surrounded by lake, transition area of river valley plain and hilly, and mountain ridge, and those of the Fe-leachi-stagnic Anthrosols were slope hilly and highland of flood plain. The occurrence frequency of gleyic fertures decreased with the decreasing groundwater level. The Fe-accumulated horizon mainly occurred in stagnic Anthrosols with 60-120cm underground water level, while the occurrence frequency of Fe-leached horizon increased with the decreasing groundwater level. The depth and thickness of Fe-accumulated horizon were relatively stable in space, and those of gleyi feature and Fe-leached horizon could be changed greatly in space. The spatial variation scale of the related diagnostic layers in the river network plain was larger, and that of the main diagnostic horizon in the river valley plain was smaller. The main diagnostic horizon / diagnostic characteristics in the hilly and mountain region (including the valley) could be mutated in a short distance. It was thought that formation of albic horizon in the stagnic Anthrosols might be related to the geological effect.

  Degradable Plastic Film: Effects on Growth and Development of Peanut and Its Residues 2019, 9 (9):  36-39.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120014 Abstract + ( 427 )   PDF ( 1217KB )   ( 362 ) In recent years, degradable plastic film, as one of the main means to control white pollution, has enlarged its popularization area year by year, but the performance of various types of degradable plastic film is uneven. The systematic study of degradable plastic film on crop growth, development and residues is rare. The comparative experiments of different types of degradable plastic film on peanut were carried out by means of comparative test and whole growth period monitoring. The effects of different degradable plastic film on the growth and development of spring peanut and the residual situation of plastic film were preliminarily grasped. The results showed that the performance of ordinary plastic film and oxidized biodegradable plastic film was better than that of ordinary plastic film in soil moisture conservation. The thermal insulation effect of degradable plastic film was slightly better than that of ordinary plastic film in the induction period. The yield of degradable plastic film was increased in varying degrees and the residue rate was obviously lower, but the degradation characteristics were different, the induction period was different, the degradation rate of oxidized biodegradable plastic film was unstable, the rate was different, and individual total degradation was different. The induction period of plastic film was shorter and the effect was not obvious. The four degradable plastic films showed that the longer the induction period, the higher the peanut yield, the faster the degradation of the border part, and the slower the degradation of the covering part.

  Study on Composting Techniques of Vegetable Wastes 2019, 9 (9):  40-44.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050014 Abstract + ( 422 )   PDF ( 1196KB )   ( 402 ) The paper aims to discuss the best combination of organic matter composting with vegetable wastes and the effect of adding microbial agent. The Biolan compost bin was used as a compost fermentation silo, and vegetable wastes were used as raw materials. The composting fermentation experiment was conducted by adding rice straw, weeds to adjust the water content and C/N. The treatments included treatment 1 (vegetables+ rice straw), treatment 2 (vegetables+ rice straw+ weeds), and treatment 3 (vegetable+ rice straw+ microbial agent). The changes in temperature, moisture content, pH value, C/N, and germination index (GI) of each treatment were measured. The results showed that vegetable wastes can be composted by adding straw and weeds to achieve reduction, harmlessness, and recycling. The treatment with the microbial agent was completed on the 37th day of composting, while the treatment without the microbial inoculum required 50 days under the same condition. The addition of exogenous microorganisms can significantly increase the composting temperature, prolong the time of high-temperature composting, accelerate the decomposition rate of organic matter, and shorten the fermentation cycle of composting. The addition of microbial agents can promote compost maturity and reduce the adverse effects of compost products on plant germination and growth.

  Study on Hydro-priming of Cowpea Seeds 2019, 9 (9):  45-48.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080016 Abstract + ( 370 )   PDF ( 1134KB )   ( 475 ) To study the way of breaking the dormancy of cowpea seeds,‘Tianchang No.1’was used as material, the hydro-priming was conducted with 20℃ water and 6 different soaking time, and then the seeds were dried again. The swelling rate, water absorption speed and germination rate of cowpea seeds were analyzed. The results showed that along with the prolonging of hydro-priming within 24 h, the swelling rate presented a fast-slow-fast pattern, the water absorption rate and germination rate increased gradually. The germination rates in 24 h and 12 h treatment were close, 85% and 88%, respectively, indicating that the newly harvested cowpea seeds could meet the production demand under hydro-priming at 20℃ for 12 h.

  Wild Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan: Protection and Exploitation 2019, 9 (9):  49-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070014 Abstract + ( 429 )   PDF ( 1165KB )   ( 561 ) The paper aims to systematically review the protection and utilization of Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan dry-hot valley and formulate reasonable protection and utilization countermeasures.Based on the analysis and summary of the utilization value, habitat and distribution characteristics, protection and utilization status of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan Province, this paper summarized the research results of the requirements of Yunnan wild Phyllanthus emblica L. on the growth environment conditions, main distribution areas and habitat situation, population distribution characteristics, wildpopulation status and so on.The results showed that the population of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. germplasm resources in Yunnan dry-hot valley was decreasing year by year due to the demand of national construction and exploitation and predatory harvesting, and the survival environment of wild Phyllanthus emblica L. was facing great threat. On the basis of the above analysis and study, the corresponding technical measures and methods for further protection and development of wild Phyllanthus emblica in Yunnan dry-hot valley were put forward. It provides a guarantee for the development of the industry and the innovation and utilization of germplasm resources.

  Fertilizer Amount and Planting Density: Effect on Agronomic Characters and Photosynthetic Indexes of‘Jincao 4’ 2019, 9 (9):  55-60.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18060010 Abstract + ( 358 )   PDF ( 1375KB )   ( 387 ) The main purpose of this article was determined to various amount of fertilizer and planting densities to adapt the high-yield cultivation model of‘Jincao 4’. Using the method of group physiology,and adopt two factors randomized block design by using the group, to study the affects agronomic traits and photosynthetic indexs in‘Jincao 4’after carrying out different densities and amount of fertilizer. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, tiller number, the biological yield, the yield of dry weight, and photosynthetic indexs of‘Jincao 4’have varied significantly under the treatments of different densities and fertilizer in middle region of Shanxi . The plant height , stem diameter, the biological yield , the yield of dry weight ,LAI and net photosynthetic rate were the highest under F2D3;However, the tiller number, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance were the highest under F2D4、F2D2 and F3D1; F2D3 to take the second place. It was suggested that the planting density of 390000 plants per hectare and fertilization 750kg perhectare was appropriated for‘Jincao 4’.

  Prospects of Sino-Thai Fishery Cooperation Under the Belt and Road Initiative 2019, 9 (9):  61-67.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120013 Abstract + ( 381 )   PDF ( 1294KB )   ( 706 ) Thailand is rich in fishery resources and is one of the important seafood producers as well as import and export countries of aquatic products in the world. The authors paid a visit to Thailand and conducted a field study on the Department of Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand, Songkhla Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Center and some aquaculture enterprises in Thailand. Based on all the materials collected, the article first elaborates the output and production mode of Thailand’s fishery, the species, consumption and import and export of aquatic products as well as the fishery administrative departments and main fishery policies of Thailand, and then analyzes the demand of fishery development in Thailand and the feasibility of Sino-Thai fishery cooperation. Lastly, the article puts forward suggestions on Sino-Thai bilateral fishery cooperation including building information sharing service platform and technology exchange platform, setting up overseas demonstration zones and strengthening economic and trade exchanges by combining the Belt and Road initiative and the‘going out’policy of China’s fishery industry, with the aim to provide a useful reference for the development of Sino-Thai fishery cooperation.

  Warming on Browning Inhibition and Free Amino Acid Metabolism of Fresh-cut Potatoes 2019, 9 (9):  68-75.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19020007 Abstract + ( 320 )   PDF ( 1578KB )   ( 415 ) The browning of fresh-cut potatoes occurs especially when tubers are stored at cold storage, which affects the commodity value. To solve this problem, warming treatment at 20°C for 20 d was applied and the effect on activities of PPO and POD, content of free amino acid and MDA were measured. The results showed that, warming treatment effectively inhibited the browning of fresh-cut potatoes and activities of PPO and POD. After warming treatment, the content of total free amino acid reduced significantly. The contents of free tyrosine, valine and serine during warming and post- cut period were lower than that of the control. The contents of free aspartic acid and alanine were lower while the content of free glycine was higher than control during the early stage of the post-cut storage. However, the content of free proline was higher than control both during pre- cut and post- cut period. Besides, warming treatment slowed down the accumulation of MDA content. The study shows that warming treatment of potato tubers after cold storage inhibits PPO and POD activities, influences the content of free tyrosine, serine, aspartic acid, valine, alanine and glycine, improves the content of free proline, reduces MDA accumulation and eventually inhibits the browning of fresh- cut potatoes.

  The History and Cultural Display of Jingxi Rice 张宝鑫 and 杨洪杰 2019, 9 (9):  76-81.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030020 Abstract + ( 480 )   PDF ( 3813KB )   ( 562 ) Beijing has a long history of rice planting. Jingxi rice is a variety that was selected by the royal family and planted in royal gardens and surrounding areas in northwest Beijing. It has abundant historical and cultural heritage and is an embodiment of farming culture and landscape culture. Based on the previous research results about Jingxi rice, the breeding and planting history of rice in Beijing was studied by textual research methods. The exploration and practice on agricultural heritage culture protection and traditional garden culture display were carried out to provide references to the inheritance and protection of similar historical and cultural heritage.

  Agricultural Meteorological Services: Demand Analysis Based on Social Investigation 高晓玲 2019, 9 (9):  82-90.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500033 Abstract + ( 322 )   PDF ( 1664KB )   ( 447 ) To enhance and improve the effect of agricultural meteorological service, based on the data from China’s public meteorological service evaluation survey during 2013-2017, we focused on the demand of agricultural meteorological service and the behavioral characteristics of receiving and using meteorological service products in terms of demand analysis of agricultural meteorological services, products and communication channels by using GIS and statistical analysis. The results showed that: the rural users had a greater demand for meteorological service than the urban users, however, the practical evaluation of meteorological service content still needed to be improved; (2) different farming seasons and different agricultural types had different demands for meteorological service products; (3) the rural users’evaluation of the timeliness and convenience of meteorological service communication channels showed an increasing trend, but there was still a certain gap between urban and rural users. According to these results, 3 suggestions are proposed to provide reference and support for meteorological departments to improve agricultural meteorological service.

  Leisure Agriculture in China: Development Status and Trend 2019, 9 (9):  91-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18100002 Abstract + ( 479 )   PDF ( 1122KB )   ( 495 ) This study summarized the development history, characteristics and existing problems of China''s leisure agriculture through literature review and data analysis, and forecasts the development trend of leisure agriculture in China. In 2017, the China’s leisure agriculture and rural tourism received more than 2.8 billion tourists, operating income of over 740 billion yuan, and directly employing nearly 11 million people, has become a new bright spot for the development of agriculture and rural economy, showed the broad prospects for development. The development of China''s leisure agriculture had the following characteristics, the industrial scope is gradually enlarging, the total benefit is greatly increased, the market demand keep rising, the type models become abundant, the transformation of the mode of development, and the location advantages in economically developed areas. At present, efforts should be made to resolve problems such as homogeneity serious, lack of comprehensive planning, poor infrastructure conditions, shortage of talent team, unregulated management, and low service levels. The current and future period, the China''s leisure agriculture is still facing a rare opportunity for development, there is a huge potential for development.

  Succulent Plant Industry in Wuhan: A Development Report 2019, 9 (9):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19020015 Abstract + ( 370 )   PDF ( 1206KB )   ( 433 ) In order to study the development trend of succulent plants in Wuhan, we summarized the status of succulent plant industry in China as well as advantages and risks of developing succulent plant industry in Wuhan during 2012-2017, and found that China’s succulent plant industry had the problem of planting scale and yield increase causing the decline of commodity price, Wuhan had advantages in transportation and market, but risks in climate and technology in developing succulent plant industry. The study could provide references for the sustainable development of succulent plant industry in Wuhan, however, the status of succulent plant industry in foreign countries has not been fully covered, which needs further research.