Effect of Beehive Protective Cover on Bee Colony Breeding and Foraging in Greenhouse Melon

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0038

Abstract

Abstract:

To alleviate the effect of extreme high temperature in melon plastic greenhouse on pollinating bee colony in summer, honeybee colony was treated with beehive protective cover, the egg, larva, capped brood, quantity, pollen consumption and the proportion of bee carrying pollen were analyzed. The results showed that the highest temperature in the hive was 43.3℃ in the control group and 40.1℃ in the treatment group, which lasted for 8.5 h above 35℃ in the two groups, and for 5 h above 40℃ in the control group. The percentage of the capped brood reduction in the control group was higher than that in the treatment group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The number of eggs in the control group decreased, while the number of eggs in the treatment group increased. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The increase rate of larva in the treatment group was 3.94 times that in the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). The reduction ratio of bee quantity in the control group [(49.83±0.17) %] was significantly higher than that in the treatment group [(27.22±1.47) %] (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in pollen consumption rate between control group and treatment group (P>0.05). Within one day, the number of bees carrying pollen in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group. The ratio of carrying pollen bees to homing bees in the treatment group [(23.29±3.03) %] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(7.21±1.04) %] (P<0.01). Therefore, the beehive protective cover can reduce and maintain the internal temperature of the bee colony, alleviate the adverse effect of environmental temperature change on the colony offspring, reduce the loss and the adjustment activities of the nest temperature of the bee colony, which is beneficial to the bee’s attendance for collecting pollen.

Key words: beehive protective cover, high temperature, colony growth and decline, pollen consumption, bees carrying pollen, greenhouse facilities

LI Lixin, LU Surong, SHEN Jinshan, WU Wenqing, SONG Huailei, LEI Jia, MA Weihua. Effect of Beehive Protective Cover on Bee Colony Breeding and Foraging in Greenhouse Melon[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(5): 85-90.

Figures/Tables 5

References 27

[1]	施金虎, 苏晓玲, 华启云, 等. 设施西瓜中华蜜蜂授粉效益分析与技术要点[J]. 中国蜂业, 2016, 67(7):46-47.
[2]	申晋山, 马卫华, 李立新, 等. 温室甜瓜蜜蜂授粉技术[J]. 中国蜂业, 2020, 71(7):32-34.
[3]	罗术东, 王彪, 褚忠桥, 等. 不同蜂为设施辣椒授粉的授粉效果比较[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2015, 37(2):381-386.
[4]	BLAZYTE-CERESKIENE L, VAITKEVICIENE G, VENSKUTONYTE S, et al. Honey bee foraging in spring oil seed rape crops under high ambient temperature conditions[J]. Zemdirbyste-agriculture, 2010, 97(1):61-70.
[5]	ABOU-SHAARA H F, OWAYSS A A, IBRAHIM Y Y, et al. A review of impacts of temperature and relative humidity on various activities of honey bees[J]. Insectes sociaux, 2017, 64(4):455-463.
[6]	ALQARNI A S. Tolerance of summer temperature in imported and indigenous honeybee Apis mellifera L. races in central Saudi Arabia[J]. Saudi journal of biological science, 2006, 13(2):123-127.
[7]	马卫华, 申晋山, 李立新, 等. 一种蜜蜂箱防护罩[P]. 中文专利,CN202020953882.4, 2021-01-05.
[8]	FLORIS I, SATTA A, CABRAS P, et al. Comparison between two thymol formulations in the control of varroa destructor: Effectiveness, persistence, and residues[J]. Journal of economic entomology, 2004, 97(2):187-191. pmid: 15154435
[9]	赵亚周, 安建东, 周志勇, 等. 意大利蜜蜂和小峰熊蜂在温室桃园的传粉行为及其影响因素[J]. 昆虫学报, 2011, 54(1):89-96.
[10]	武文卿, 申晋山, 马卫华, 等. 授粉方式与蜂群群势对杂交大豆授粉效果的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(5):5-9. doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15090123
[11]	LI X Y, MA W H, SHEN J S, et al. Tolerance and response of two honeybee species Apis cerana and Apis mellifera to high temperature and relative humidity[J]. PloS one, 2019, 14(6):e217921.
[12]	MA W H, LI X Y, SHEN J S, et al. The effect of the greenhouse environment on the antioxidant and detoxification enzyme systems of honeybee colonies[J]. Chinese journal of applied entomology, 2020, 57(5):1104-1110.
[13]	张瑞, 褚忠桥, 谢鹤. 蜜蜂为设施农作物授粉应该注意的问题[J]. 中国蜂业, 2015, 66(10):41-43.
[14]	田丽霞, 王甦, 方锡红, 等. 传粉蜂在设施农业中的应用及挑战[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2022, 44(5):1143-1153.
[15]	LANGOWSKA A, ZAWILAK M, SPARKS T H, et al. Long-term effect of temperature on honey yield and honeybee phenology[J]. International journal of biometeorology, 2017, 61(6):1125-1132. doi: 10.1007/s00484-016-1293-x pmid: 28013383
[16]	JURGEN T, SVEN M, CLAUDIA G, et al. Behavioral performance in adult honey bees is influenced by the temperature experienced during their pupal development[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003, 100(12):7343-7347. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1232346100 pmid: 12764227
[17]	周冰峰, 林世煌, 苏静, 等. 温度对蜜蜂受精卵和封盖王蛹发育的影响[J]. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 31(4):511-513.
[18]	李月. 温度对蜜蜂封盖子发育的影响[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2008.
[19]	郝振帮. 温度胁迫下意大利蜜蜂封盖子期能量消耗和发育损伤[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2018.
[20]	王青. 温度40℃对意大利蜜蜂工蜂封盖子发育的影响[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2013.
[21]	揭浩亮, 李烨, 滕跃中. 蜂群春繁期不同材质结构蜂箱保温性能研究[J]. 中国蜂业, 2016, 67(2):20-22.
[22]	陶坤伶, 周建阳, 张小燕. 温度胁迫对蜜蜂生理行为影响研究进展[J]. 蜜蜂杂志, 2022, 42(12):6-12.
[23]	熊成. 高温对蜜蜂的影响及蜂群管理措施[J]. 蜜蜂杂志, 2023, 43(1):15-17.
[24]	李江红. 影响蜜蜂为农作物授粉效能的因素分析[J]. 农学学报, 2015, 5(9):104-109. doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.2014-xb0890
[25]	ZHU X J, XU X J, ZHOU S J, et al. Low temperature exposure (20℃) during the sealed brood stage induces abnormal venation of honey bee wings[J]. Journal of apicultural research, 2018, 57(3):458-465.
[26]	袁安, 郭亚惠, 黄晓, 等. 发育温度对蜜蜂归巢能力及记忆相关基因表达的影响[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2016, 53(6):1261-1266.
[27]	BECHER M A, SCHARPENBERG H, MORITZ R F A. Pupal developmental temperature and behavioral specialization of honeybee workers (Apis mellifera L.)[J]. Journal of comparative physiology A, 2009, 195(7):673-679.