Abstract: The aims of this study are to determine the causes of poverty in poor areas, find out the basic cause of poverty, avoid unreasonable poverty alleviation, make targeted poverty alleviation strategies and realize an overall well-off society in poor areas. Based on vicious circle poverty theory and economic analytic logic, taking Jiuzhaigou County as an example, the basic causes of poverty were put forward, which included diseases and disability, poor resource conditions and low education level. And countermeasures such as improving government support and insurance policy innovation, promoting infrastructure construction of production and living facilities, changing farmers’traditional ideas and strengthening farmers’vocational education were put forward.