Current issue

• 2016 Vol.6 No.12 Published:27 December 2016

  Effects of Sowing Dates on Growth Stage and Yield of Maize Varieties with Different Maturity Periods 2016, 6 (12):  1-7.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090004 Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 1224KB )   ( 831 ) In order to explore the suitable sowing dates and maize varieties, in the early matured district of Shanxi Province in 2015, the earliest matured and early matured and middle matured maize varieties were used as materials. The growth stage and yield and yield components were detected at different sowing stages. The results showed that, at the four stages, the earliest matured and early matured maize varieties could mature normally, but middle matured maize varieties could not mature which were sowed after April 21. With the sowing date moving up, the yield of the different growth stage varieties were all increased significantly. Yields of early matured and middle matured maize varieties were significantly greater than the earliest matured maize varieties, but there was not significant difference between early matured and middle matured maize varieties. The main reason of yield difference was the difference of the kernel weight of different maize varieties. In the relationship of yield and related environment factors, the accumulated temperature of growth stage has the significant positive correlation with yield, and yield was increased with the accumulated temperature increase. In conclusion, this area was suitable for planting early maturity varieties, the suitable sowing date was on April 20, and the yield could reached the highest.

  High Yield, Stability and Adaptability: A National Authorized New Soybean Variety‘Zhoudou 23’ 2016, 6 (12):  8-10.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080013 Abstract + ( 1714 )   PDF ( 1075KB )   ( 663 ) The paper aims to grasp production value of a national authorized new soybean variety‘Zhoudou 23’. According to the research result of the regional test in south Huang-Huai from 2012 to 2013, the yielding ability, stability and adaptability of‘Zhoudou 23’were analyzed by yields, variation coefficient, high-yield and stability coefficient and regression coefficient. The results showed that:‘Zhoudou 23’had high yield, good stability and adaptability, it can be widely used in the production in south Huang-Huai Region.

  Cassava: Different Intercropping Cultivation Modes and Economic Efficiency 2016, 6 (12):  11-15.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070023 Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 1076KB )   ( 1223 ) The techniques of cassava intercropping cultivation could not only improve the multiple crop indexes, elongating photosynthetic time, but also improve the climate condition in field and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, in order to reduce planting cost and increase the economic benefits of land area effectively. The paper systematically described the intercropping cultivation modes with different crops, and the economic efficiency of cassava intercropping. Also the problems concerning cassava intercropping cultivation modes were discussed. The suggestions included the reinforcement of financial support and intellect input, to guarantee the healthy development of cassava industry. Meanwhile, standard planting modes adjusting to local conditions could be built to explore the development path of scale, mechanization and industrialization, in order to provide references for the sustainable development of cassava intercropping cultivation.

  Methane Emission Estimation of Fujian Agricultural Activities Based on IPCC Method 李艳春,刘岑薇,王义祥 and 黄毅斌 2016, 6 (12):  16-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090021 Abstract + ( 1119 )   PDF ( 1276KB )   ( 1124 ) Paddy fields and livestocks are the important sources of atmospheric methane (CH4). Based on the agricultural data of Fujian, according to the methodology guidelines of IPCC, the CH4 emissions from agricultural activities of Fujian were estimated and analyzed in 2005 and 2010, which had an important significance to put forward the suitable measures for mitigating the CH4 emissions. The results showed that: the CH4 emissions from agricultural activities in Fujian in 2005 and 2010 were 397500 t and 327400 t, respectively, 17.64% less in 2010 than in 2005; compared with 2005, CH4 emissions in 2010 from paddy fields and animal intestinal fermentation decreased by 17.37% and 31.59%, respectively, while CH4 emissions from manure management increased by 1.11%; the decrease of paddy field area and increase of animal scale cultivation degree was the main cause of CH4 emissions deduction; CH4 emissions in paddy fields were influenced by variety, soil, water, fertilizer and climate factors, the ways and methods mentioned above can reduce CH4 emissions; the measures for mitigating the CH4 emissions from livestocks should be focused on the optimization of animal husbandry structure, promoting the large-scale livestock raising, improving the raising technologies and poultry waste treatment facilities, improving livestock product output. The results will provide a scientific basis for policy maker to mitigate the CH4 emission from agricultural activities of Fujian.

  Protection and Utilization of Wild Soybean Germplasm Resources in Shandong Province 2016, 6 (12):  23-29.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010019 Abstract + ( 846 )   PDF ( 2142KB )   ( 871 ) To provide a better reference for conservation and utilization of wild soybean (Glycine soja), this study summarized the status of in- situ conservation, resource collection and ex- situ conservation of the germplasm resources of wild soybean in Shandong Province, as well as wild soybean utilization in forage and breeding. It analyzed a series of problems existing in current protection and utilization, such as, serious damages in original habitats, insufficient attention and efforts to the protection of intellectual property rights, and research potential of the germplasm utilization. This study pointed out the strategies concerning the accelerated conservation and utilization of germplasm resources of wild soybean in Shandong Province, with an attempt to provide a reference for the conservation and utilization of crop germplasm resources.

  Effect of Different Transplanting Models on Growth, Development, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco‘KRK26’ 2016, 6 (12):  30-33.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070024 Abstract + ( 740 )   PDF ( 1119KB )   ( 739 ) To study the effect of different transplanting models on growth, development, yield and quality of flue- cured tobacco‘KRK26’, transplanting young seedlings under film was compared with transplanting strong seedlings above film by field trials. The results showed that transplanting young seedlings under film effectively promoted growth and development of flue-cured tobacco‘KRK26’, and shortened its field growth period. Compared with transplanting strong seedlings above film, the ripe period of tobacco leaf was 8 days in advance. At the same time, the tobacco presented better appearance quality and more harmonious chemical composition. Tobacco yield, the proportion of high grade tobacco leaf and output value was increased by 10.5%, 0.9%, and 11.3%, respectively. The advantage of transplanting young seedlings under film was proved in Dehong tobacco planting area, which provided evidence for the optimal transplanting model.

  Behavior Responses of Asias halodendri to Volatiles Emanating from Five Jujube Tree Cultivars 2016, 6 (12):  34-38.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110019 Abstract + ( 605 )   PDF ( 1093KB )   ( 671 ) Asias halodendri is one of important polyphagous wood-boring beetle damaged on hardwoods. The aim of this experiment was to find which active parts of jujube varieties have attractive effect. Taking Muzao, Goutouzao, Zanghuangzao, Hupingzao, and Junzao as experimental materials, olfactory behavioral responses of A. halodendri to volatiles emanating from Cultivars of jujube trees were tested by Y-tube olfactometers. The result showed that response rates of female and male adult A. halodendri to volatiles emanating from Muzao leaves were 70.00% and 69.23%, respectively. Muzao leaves had obvious attractant to male and female beetles (P<0.05). Response rates of female and male adult A. halodendri to volatiles of Goutouzao twigs were the highest, being 77.42% and73.68%, respectively. Female and male adult A. halodendr were strongly attracted to Goutouzao twigs (P<0.01). In addition, female adult A. halodendr also attracted to Muzao twigs (P<0.05). All volatiles of flower had neither obvious attractant nor repellent to female and male adult A. halodendr(P>0.05). Muzao volatiles had good attractant to A. halodendr, with a good development and application prospects for control this beetle.

  Comparison of Mycelium Growth Characteristics of 16 Pleurotus eryngii 2016, 6 (12):  39-42.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080006 Abstract + ( 751 )   PDF ( 1167KB )   ( 710 ) To further optimize the industrial cultivation condition of Pleurotus eryngii, and provide suitable species for factory production, 16 Pleurotus eryngii cultivars from different places were used as materials. The mycelium growth, the rate of mycelium growth and the index of mycelium growth was compared, and the growth characteristics of different parent hypha species were studied. The results showed that the mycelium growth of three cultivars, No.4 ‘( apricot farmers No.6’), No.8 ‘( Pleurotus eryngii No.79’), No.15 ‘( Ao Kun’), was uniform dense and well, and the average growth rate was fast, 0.77 cm/d, which was higher than those of other cultivars. The index of mycelium growth was the largest, up to 3.86. Therefore, considering the characteristics of mycelium growth, No.4 (apricot farmers No.6), No.8 (Pleurotus eryngii No.79) and No.15 (Ao kun) could be used as excellent strains of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation.

  Effect of Curing Environment Change on Usability of Upper Tobacco Leaf in Bulk Curing Barn 2016, 6 (12):  43-46.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16050006 Abstract + ( 846 )   PDF ( 1121KB )   ( 638 ) To improve the usability of upper tobacco leaf, the curing environment was improved by placing river sand in the bottom of bulk curing barn. Results showed that the paving of river sand decreased the consumption of coal and electricity, thus saved the curing cost. It could enhance the proportion of upper tobacco leaf and average price and yield of tobacco leaf by improving the economic character. The inner chemical gradients of tobacco leaf were more coordinated and the sensory quality and its appeareance were better by increasing the porosity and color depth of tobacco leaf and decreasing the ratio of green and miscellaneous tobacco leaf. Therefore, placing river sand in bulk curing barn conduces to increasing the usability of upper tobacco leaf, and could be popularized in tobacco production.

  Processing Breeding Data Listings in Excel 2016, 6 (12):  47-55.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090019 Abstract + ( 658 )   PDF ( 3650KB )   ( 921 ) Processing breeding data listings was the precondition of breeding. Currently, Microsoft Excel was mainly and widely used to process breeding data listings. In this article, a few tips were shared by using Microsoft Excel to process breeding data listings. In excel, opportunely using some of the menu commands, functions and symbols, such as "if", "vlookup", "rand", "=", "&", "$" and so on, the breeding data listing with detailed information could be quickly and accurately obtained. As processing breeding data listings in excel, the use of some functions and commands that could help to solve the continuity and correlation of breeding data listings should be especially noticed, in order to solve the problems of processing breeding data listings.

  Countermeasures on Targeted Poverty Alleviation Based on Vicious Circle Poverty Theory: Taking Jiuzhaigou County in Sichuan Province as an Example 唐莎 and 2016, 6 (12):  56-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16050015 Abstract + ( 1200 )   PDF ( 1147KB )   ( 857 ) The aims of this study are to determine the causes of poverty in poor areas, find out the basic cause of poverty, avoid unreasonable poverty alleviation, make targeted poverty alleviation strategies and realize an overall well-off society in poor areas. Based on vicious circle poverty theory and economic analytic logic, taking Jiuzhaigou County as an example, the basic causes of poverty were put forward, which included diseases and disability, poor resource conditions and low education level. And countermeasures such as improving government support and insurance policy innovation, promoting infrastructure construction of production and living facilities, changing farmers’traditional ideas and strengthening farmers’vocational education were put forward.

  The Supervision System of Agro-product Quality and Safety 2016, 6 (12):  60-65.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100031 Abstract + ( 1368 )   PDF ( 1069KB )   ( 663 ) This article reviewed the experience and development trends of food safety management in developed countries from the perspective of the supervision system of agro-product safety. Combined with the problems in establishment and implementation of agro-product quality and safety system in China, the authors proposed suggestions on improving the supervision system of agro- product quality and safety. Firstly, to establish the supervision system covering the whole process and factors of agricultural production through toplevel design; secondly, to develop a dynamic supervision model based on pre- real- time monitoring and information sharing concentrating on the source control; thirdly, to strengthen the resource integration and condition guarantee while building stable channels for funds and subsidies; finally, to build a multifactor and coordinated supervision mechanism with the involvement of government, society, enterprises and consumers.

  Development of Agricultural Materials Logistics in Jilin Province 2016, 6 (12):  66-71.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070012 Abstract + ( 529 )   PDF ( 1108KB )   ( 681 ) The aim of this study is to understand the development level of agricultural logistics in Jilin Province. Based on factor analysis and cluster analysis, we selected 10 indicators for the quantitative analysis of agricultural logistics development in 9 cities in Jilin Province and explored the reasons for the imbalance in the development. The results showed that the 9 cities could be divided into two categories according to the development level of agricultural materials logistics. The first category included Changchun, Jilin and Siping. The other cities were in the second category. Therefore, government of Jilin Province should put forward the countermeasures and suggestions with consideration to the development level of agricultural materials logistics. Besides, the results of this study also provide valuable reference for the development of other industries.

  Modes for Integrating Industrial and Commercial Capitals with Rural Production Factors in China 2016, 6 (12):  72-77.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15040019 Abstract + ( 627 )   PDF ( 1067KB )   ( 644 ) Based on the ways of the integration of the industrial and commercial capitals (ICCs) and rural production factors (RPFs), together with actual cases, this article sums up the main modes of the ICCs combined with rural production factors. The modes include direct-investment mode (DIM), enterprise-enterprise partnership mode (EEPM), capital-association mode (CAM), mode of capital-financial institution (MCFI), capital-government mode (CGM), and synthesized mode (STM).?On the strength of characters, conditions and advantages of integration of the ICCs and RPFs, the integration is sorted into different modes, which is favorable for governments to perfect measures of improving the integration aiming at the similarities and dissimilarities of different modes, to implement effective policies about utilizing rural resources more effectively and to improve styles of managing the ICCs flowing into rural areas. Consequently, it is good for promoting agriculture industrialization, accelerating rural economic growth, and increasing rural employment.

  Integration of Urban and Rural Endowment Insurance in Beijing: Comparative Analysis of Replacement Rate and Relative Level 任宁宁 2016, 6 (12):  78-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080005 Abstract + ( 609 )   PDF ( 1225KB )   ( 676 ) To narrow the gap between urban and rural places and break the urban-rural dual economic and social structure, we discussed current status and recent development of the endowment insurance system in Beijing. Based on evolution of relevant policies and data analysis, the replacement rates and relative levels of three kinds of endowment insurance systems in Beijing were compared. The results showed that both the replacement rate and relative level of endowment insurance in government organizations and institutions were higher than those in enterprises for both low-income and high-income individuals. The gross replacement rate and net replacement rate of endowment insurance in government organizations and institutions were 90.00% and 91.17% respectively. Moreover, there were differences for individuals with different income levels in the three endowment security systems. According to the results, the leading role of government in the endowment insurance should be emphasized and replacement rate should be used as the effective index evaluating security level so as to realize equal security level in insurance system.

  Construction of Rural Public Cultural Service System Based on Rural Community： A Case Study of Zhucheng City in Shandong 程伟 and 郑满生 2016, 6 (12):  85-88.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080029 Abstract + ( 607 )   PDF ( 933KB )   ( 608 ) To coordinate the urban and rural basic public service, taking Zhucheng City in Shandong Province as an example, we explored the construction mode as well as the features of rural basic public cultural service system. The construction background, organization plan, financial sources, construction mechanism, the achievements and the running state were analyzed, providing a new construction thought and mode of rural basic public cultural service system in China.

  Reform and Construction of Grass-roots Agricultural Technology Extension System 2016, 6 (12):  89-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100010 Abstract + ( 629 )   PDF ( 972KB )   ( 725 ) At present, China’s agriculture is experiencing an important period of modernization development. However, the construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system exposes some problems. For instance, the technical service is not in place, the related industries lack in docking, the service sector is too single and so on. In view of the problems mentioned above, combining with field research, the author put forward a number of measures to promote the reform and construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system, which focus on strengthening the organizational system construction and improving the service support ability. Building a broad agricultural extension system according to the needs of the majority is the essential part of the revolution. Secondly, establishing the agricultural extension functions basing on the new task requirements is of great importance. Thirdly, the guarantee of agricultural technology promotion should be enhanced according to the duties. In addition, we should improve the promotion mechanism by focusing more on service efficiency. Last but not the least, promoting the docking of scientific research and extension around the technology supply highly contributes to the policy. Thus, a brand-new agricultural public service system, which is timely, efficient and convenient, will really benefit the farmers.

  Spatial Distribution of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou 2016, 6 (12):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16090003 Abstract + ( 782 )   PDF ( 1491KB )   ( 732 ) In recent years, the issue of cultural resources attracted national attention. Intangible cultural heritage is undoubtedly an important part. In this study, a provincial official directory and extension directory were taken as the main body. Spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage in Guizhou was studied by using GIS technology. The results showed that: (1) Guizhou provincial intangible cultural heritage list focused on the provincial official list, folk custom accounted for the most in number, while folk art, traditional medicine and a small number of traditional art projects were fewer in number; (2) most of the intangible cultural heritages were distributed in southeast Guizhou, which was the gathering place of ethnic minorities, the number and types of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities accounted for a large proportion, indicating that the intangible cultural heritage had a strong ethnic identity. This study can provide a basis for intangible cultural heritage research and protection, and promote the culture development in Guizhou.