Abstract: The aim of this investigation was to determine the best transplanting period of flue-cured tobacco in Cambodia. A field experiment with three different transplanting periods was conducted to determine the effects on growth and development, yield and quality of ‘Yueyan 98’ and ‘Yunyan 87’ flue-cured tobacco in 2015-2016. The results showed that compared with the normal transplanting period, the two varieties that transplanted early 10 days had better performance in agronomical characteristics, for instance, the plant height, leaf number and leaf length increased by 4.5 cm, 1 piece, 0.6-2.0 cm. The economical characteristics increased significantly, per hectare yield of tobacco leaves, output value, the average price per kilogram, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves were increased by 117.0-121.5 kg, 6682.5-6905.7 yuan, 1.7-2.1 yuan, 4.5-12.5 percentage points, the differences at significant level. The appearance quality score increased by 0.5-1.5, the ratios of sugar to nicotine and nitrogen to nicotine were increased, and the overall coordination was improved, with the transplanting date postponed for 10 days, the agronomical and economical characteristics, chemical components, appearance quality showed the opposite trend. Therefore, early December is the best transplanting period in Kompong Cham of Cambodia, in the current season 10 days in advance to facilitate the growth of tobacco plants and tobacco production and quality improvement.