Current issue

• 2011 Vol.1 No.8 Published:27 October 2011

  Biological agriculture leads green development 2011, 1 (8):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1971 )   PDF ( 843KB )   ( 1725 ) As a new growth point of agricultural development，biological agriculture is Leading the green development of the overall economic and social with the sun rising trend. This article discussed the meaning and characteristics of biological agriculture，described the biological relationship between agriculture and green development initially. The article pointed out five kinds of biological agriculture development path，which is Extending the agricultural industrial chain，developing and utilizing of biomass energy，developing circular economy of agriculture，promoting of eco-industrial development and cultivating Bio-agricultural enterprises.

  Study on Cold-Resistance Rice Seedling Nurturing Using Biochemical Calefacient 2011, 1 (8):  5-8.  Abstract + ( 2299 )   PDF ( 946KB )   ( 1672 ) In cold regions like Heilongjiang province of China, low temperature is generally a limit to the growth of rice seedling. This paper reports the effects of the biochemical calefacien (a kind of microbial community) application combined with rice straw on rice seedbed temperature, seedling quality, rice growing seasons and yield characteristics after transplanting in such a region. The conducted field experiments included two parts of the seedbed and the paddy field. Four treatments, i.e., 0, 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 kg/100 m2 application rates of the biochemical calefacien, were designed with three replicates. The results show that the application of the biochemical calefacient can significantly elevate the temperature of the rice seedbed, improve the seedling quality, promote the rice maturity and increase the rice yield and profit. The best application rate is 5.0 kg/100 m2 with the greatest increases of 8.8% for yield and of 2110 yuan/hm2 for profit.

  Effects of Full Mulching on Double Ridges in Autumn on Soil Water Content and Yield of Dryland Maize 2011, 1 (8):  9-15.  Abstract + ( 3128 )   PDF ( 1322KB )   ( 1972 ) In order to meet of water requirement of maize growth at the situation of limited and unevenly distributed rainfall and the problem of serious spring drought in Gansu dry farming area. The effects of four different film-covering times on growth stages, soil moisture variation, water use efficiency, yield and economic benefit of dry land maize were studied in the field. The results showed that the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was better than full mulching on double ridges in early spring and full mulching on double ridges in middle spring and full mulching on double ridges before sowing, the early film-covering was batter than latter film-covering. The full mulching on double ridges in autumn increased rainfall use rate and water use efficiency. Rainfall use rate of the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was 70.21%, water use efficiency was 30.19 kg/(hm2?mm). The yield of corn production with the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was 10039.34 kg/hm2, which was higher 24.81% than the full mulching on double ridges before sowing as well as water use efficiency raised 15.26%, respectively. The results displayed that the way of full mulching on double ridges in autumn could reduce the useless evaporation of soil water in winter and spring，increase soil moisture content, improve the economic characters of maize and increase the yield of maize and net income. It was an effective way to further exploit rainfall productive potential and create high-yielding fields in dry farming areas.

  Effect of Different Plant Distance on Growth and Yield of Winter-spring Greenhouse Tomato 2011, 1 (8):  16-18.  Abstract + ( 2339 )   PDF ( 903KB )   ( 1709 ) In order to find out a rational population structure and effect of plant distance on group configuration of winter-spring tomato in the greenhouse; growth, fruit characters and yields of tomato had been studied in the same furrow configuration by changing plant distance; The results showed that the plant height、stem diameter, width, fruit number of individual plant and fruit weight went up with the increase of plant distance, the number of ear and fruit-type had no tremendous influence. there were obvious increase of the irregular-fruit-rate (IFR) with decrease of plant distance , production per plant were not obvious difference among those treats, about 115500 kg/hm2; While some traits showed a certain changes in the distance of 25-40 cm under the furrow and line configuration of 70+50,but they were reasonable field group configuration.

  The Optimized Parameters of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Plumula Nelumbinis 2011, 1 (8):  19-23.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 1102KB )   ( 1750 ) The optimum conditions for microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids from plumula nelumbinis were studied. The effects of microwave power, extraction time, and material-liquid ratio on extraction yield of flavonoids from plumula nelumbinis were investigated. The processing parameters was optimized by orthogonal array design. Results indicated processing parameters of microwave-assisted extraction affected flavonoids yield in the following order of microwave extraction time＞microwave power＞material-liquid ratio. The optimal extraction conditions found were: microwave power 700 W, microwave extraction time 10 min, and material-liquid ratio 2:100(g:mL).Under these conditions, the extraction yield of flavonoids from plumula nelumbinis was 1.8725%.Compared to traditional water extraction method, this method has the advantages of improving yield and reducing extraction time.

  Study on Spatial Distribution Pattern and Sampling Model for the Adults of Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) in Salvia Fields 2011, 1 (8):  24-28.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   PDF ( 1156KB )   ( 1723 ) Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) is one new pest to Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge．The spacial distribution pattern of the Adults of Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) in salvia Fields and its sampling model were studied in this paper in order to know well its ecological characteristic and effective sampling model．The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) conformed to the negative binomial distribution in field. It was also tested that the distribution pattern was aggregative distribution by aggregation indexes，which was caused by environmental heterology with lower density and by environmental heterology and their aggregative characteristic with their higher density. The result was further proved by the use of Toylar's and Iwao's methods, and the individual of Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) adults excluded each other. The aggregative level increased along with the increasing of their population density. The models of theoretical sampling of Apophylia flavovirens (Fairmaire) adult in salvia Field had been set up.

  Studies on the Synergistic Effects of JS399-19 and Hexaconazole to Fusarium graminearum 2011, 1 (8):  29-32.  Abstract + ( 1634 )   PDF ( 1052KB )   ( 2136 ) In order to clarify the synergistic effects of mixed JS399-19 and Hexaconazole to Fusarium graminearum and to find the best mixed ratio of two preparations, the JS399-19 and Hexaconazole and their mixtures-made up by mixing the two pesticides in six different ratios, on Fusarium graminearum were tested by mycelial growth rate method. Experimental results demonstrated that EC50 of JS399-19, Hexaconazole, and their six different ratios were 0.393 mg/L, 0.643 mg/L, 0.571 mg/L, 0.338 mg/L, 0.369 mg/L, 0.513 mg/L, 0.577 mg/L, 0.726 mg/L. The efficiency coefficients of the six different ratios were 0.85, 1.64, 1.58, 1.16, 1.05, 0.84. The indoor biological activity to Fusarium graminearum of JS399-19 was higher than Hexaconazole. The mixed ratio of two preparation 1:3 and 1:5 to Fusarium graminearum have synergistic effects.

  The Effect of Fertilization in Early Spring on Growth, Pigment Content and Photosynthetic Rate of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. 2011, 1 (8):  33-36.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 1031KB )   ( 1708 ) In order to study the growth, pigment content and photosynthetic rate of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. under fertilization in early spring, the author tested under field conditions, set 4 fertilization treatments, that was FH1-FH4 nitrogen fertilizer were 15, 30, 45, 60 kg/hm2; amount of phosphate were 30, 30, 50, 50 kg/hm2; potash consumption were 40, 60, 60, 40 kg/hm2. A control, 3 times repeated. The results showed that: the seedling height of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. increased with the amount of nitrogen, between FH2-FH4, was no significant difference, significantly higher than the control; dry matter accumulation of FH3 and FH4 was no significant difference, significantly higher than the control; chlorophyll a content of all fertilizer treatments was no significant difference, significantly higher than the control; chlorophyll b content of FH2-FH4 treatment was not significantly different, significantly higher than the control; carotenoid content of FH3 and FH4 treatment was no significant difference, significantly lower than the control; the total chlorophyll content were no significant differences in all fertilization treatments; photosynthetic rate of FH3 and FH4 treatment was no significant difference and significantly higher than other treatment and control. Comprehensive analysis, FH3 treatment as the best fertilizer ratio, FH4 and FH2 followed and then used FH3 treatment better in production process.

  Research Progress of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and Remediation Method 2011, 1 (8):  37-43.  Abstract + ( 3842 )   PDF ( 1010KB )   ( 3044 ) In this paper, the current situation of heavy metal pollution in soil was discussed in such aspects of major form of heavy metal in soil, assessment index of pollution level, circulation mechanism, mutual effect of ions and remediation methods in order to study the research development of different remediation methods and the future works of heavy metal pollution. The future of research status was prospected in an effort to provide reference for other researchers. Results showed that basic research of heavy metal pollution in soil needed to be further studied, especially the circulation mechanism. Plant and microorganism remediation methods were main parts of heavy metal remediation, together with other remediation methods.

  Analyzing the Evolution Mode of Rural Residential Areas Based on GIS-A Case of Shangshiqiao Town in Shangcheng County 2011, 1 (8):  44-48.  Abstract + ( 1470 )   PDF ( 1459KB )   ( 1638 ) The purpose of the paper is to judge the evolution mode of rural residential areas, and to plan scientifically rural residential land. The graphic and attribute data of rural residential areas, road network and river-reservoir system derived from the land use database, combined with demographic and socio-economic data, were used in the analysis of spatial characteristics of rural residential areas in S Town by GIS. And results of the analysis were used as the basis for judging the evolution mode of rural residential areas, traditional evolution mode, which is the root of rural residential areas problem. This study will provide references for the local rural residential areas planning and control.

  Current Situation and Countermeasures of Low-carbon Agricultural Development in Jiangsu Province 2011, 1 (8):  49-54.  Abstract + ( 1928 )   PDF ( 872KB )   ( 1859 ) Low-carbon agriculture is modern agriculture with low-consumption, low-pollution, low-emission and high-efficiency, which is an inevitably choice to cope with climate warming. Based on Jiangsu Province as the research object, the paper analyzed powerful conditions and restricting factors for developing low-carbon agriculture in Jiangsu Province, according to the exploration and practice of low-carbon agriculture in Jiangsu, the countermeasures and proposals for formulating development planning and policies supporting low-carbon agriculture, accelerating agricultural technology popularization and application, as well as choosing low-carbon agricultural development mode etc.

  The Strategic Thinking on Accelerating the Industrialization of High Quality Rice in Hunan Province 2011, 1 (8):  55-59.  Abstract + ( 1602 )   PDF ( 941KB )   ( 1795 ) Hunan province is the largest producer of rice in China. Accelerate the industrialization of high quality rice plays an important role in the implementation of advantage agricultural products area, the guarantee of food safety and the good and fast development of rice Industry in Hunan province. According to the analysis, the basic condition for Hunan to speed up its industrialization of high quality rice is sound. There is a large market, large scale of production, outstanding enterprises, the latest science and technology and government’s support. But there are also some problems such as high-quality, widely applicable and high-yielding varieties are not easy to find; the cultivation technique are not well coordinated with each other, the processing and storage technology fall behind; the production lack of overall planning; the level of industrial management is low; and the potential safety hazard of products. The research point out that in order to accelerate the industrialization of high quality rice in Hunan province, it is necessary to proper redistribute the production base, improve the production condition; make full use of the science and technology innovation, upgrade the level of industrial technology; give great impetus to industrial management, enhance the comprehensive competitive power; take activity in building good development environment, and speed up the industrial development.

  Farmer’s psychological analysis and the cognitive adjustment in the China present rural land disputes 2011, 1 (8):  60-64.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 985KB )   ( 1754 ) This paper aims to analyze farmers’ cognitive status in the process of land disputes in rural areas, and adjustment measures of cognitive bias suggestions. This paper based on the theory of social psychology; explore the psychological factors of land dispute by sort out the farmers’ psychological state in land disputes in rural areas.From a psychological point of view, the reasons of land dispute are: Farmers relative deprivation: Compared with urban residents, and other farmers, and their own in the past; Poor public information officer led to land disputes, Include: the flow of information means impact on rural social relations, poor communication between Government and the public information impact factors and adverse consequences; Farmers due to land disputes in the event of deviations and poor mode of cognitive approach. Therefore, the government should strengthen the macro guiding of farmers on the basis of the mechanism of individual psychological counseling, and to adjust cognitive bias conditions of farmers.

  Researches on Cooperative R＆D Mode and Strategy of Seed Company 2011, 1 (8):  65-68.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 925KB )   ( 1736 ) The marketing development of seed industry of China is comparatively late, and most seed enterprises are small and medium type, cooperative R＆D is advantageous of developing the comparative superiority for enterprise. For seed enterprise, it is not enough to attach importance to cooperative R＆D, there are some problems in the process of cooperative R＆D, what effective cooperative R＆D strategies can be taken are the main content of this thesis. In order to resolve these problems, the author analyzed the mechanism and institution of incentives, abilities of R＆D and application of IT. The author drew some conclusions, including problems of lacking the mechanism and institution of incentives, low competence and lagging application of IT in the course of cooperative R＆D, proposed some strategies, including establishing ensuring cooperative institutions of company, widening the sphere of cooperation, improving the R＆D competence of the company, improving the abilities of application of IT, eventually promoting the competitive advantage, increasing the value of company.