Current issue

• 2011 Vol.1 No.9 Published:20 November 2011

  Effects of Drought Stress on the Physical index and Dry leaf yield of Stevia rebaudina Bertoni 2011, 1 (9):  1-6.  Abstract + ( 1956 )   PDF ( 1090KB )   ( 1694 ) The effects of drought stress on the physical index and the dry leaf yield in the different Stevia rebaudina Bertoni germplasms of IS-1, QF-1, Qingtianza4, JD-1 and AL-4 was studied with the pot method in greenhouse. The results indicated that the content of soluble protein, the relative electric conductivity, the content of malondiadehyde (MDA), the activities of peroxidase(POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the dry leaf yield of the stevia germplasms were different and showed different degree changes with the continuing of drought-stress time. The content of soluble protein of the stevia germplasm showed decreasing trend, but that in IS-1 rose in the T3 (without irrigation for 15 days). The relative electric conductivity showed stable and significant increase. The MAD content in the IS-1 and in the AL-4 decreased firstly and then increased, but that in the QF-1, Qingtianza4 and JD-1 increased continually. The dry leaf yield of this stevia germplasm showed decrease in different degree. The different change degree of the diverse stevia dermplasm in the same treatment indicated that drought resistance of the stevia germplasm is different：the drought resistance of the IS-1 is the strongest，the drought resistance of the QF-1 is the weakest，the order of the drought resistance in other stevia germplasm are AL-4>Qingtianza4>JD-1.

  Effect of Low Temperature Stress on Banana Plantlets under Different Humidity Environments 2011, 1 (9):  7-12.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   PDF ( 2158KB )   ( 1367 ) For studying banana response on low temperature at high and middle humidity level, and for providing technology service for banana plantlet production when chilling coming. Effect of low temperature treatments on banana plantlets grown under different humidity was tested. The results showed that chilling injury to banana plantlets in the high humidity (RH>90%) condition was significantly lighter than in the middle humidity (60%-70%) condition under the same low temperatures. Under high humidity, the plantlets have 90% higher water content and strong dehydration resistance compared with the middle humidity, about 62.15% water content and fade when 6℃ chilling reaches. The physiology parameter, rate of cell membrane leakage, MDA of plantlet treated was tested, and the results showed that 6oC chilling at middle humidity lead to the 24.40% higher MDA content than high humidity, and high humidity can delay the increase of membrane leakage rate, MDA content when treated with chilling, and chilling injury on cell membrane in high humidity was gentler than it in middle humidity.

  Analysis of β-carotene Degradation Products with Different Degradation Ways 2011, 1 (9):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1697 )   PDF ( 1130KB )   ( 1691 ) Abstract：The β-carotene was degradated with hydrogen peroxide Oxidation、copper sulfate catalyst-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation、silver nitrate catalyst-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation and potassium permanganate oxidation-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation respectively.The degradation products was analyzed with GC/MS. The results showed that: 1) the degradation products which identified was important flavor components in tobacco leaves.In the flavor components,dihydro actinidiolide and β-ionone are most.2) The relative content of dihydro actinidiolide was more using silver nitrate catalyst-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation and potassium permanganate oxidation-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation than the others; The relative content of β-ionone was more using hydrogen peroxide Oxidation and potassium permanganate oxidation-hydrogen peroxide Oxidation than the others.

  Ultrasonic extraction of trigonelline from the stem of Trigonella coerulea 2011, 1 (9):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 1498KB )   ( 1519 ) The optimal conditions for the ultrasonic extraction of trigonelline from Trigonella coerulea was studied in the present study. Taking the yield of trigonelline as index, the content of trigonelline was determined by HPLC. On the basis of single factor experiments, the four major effect factor, including extraction temperature, the extraction time, the ultrasonic power and the methanol concentration were selected to optimize the extraction conditions using uniform design. The results were analyzed through SPSS software. The optimal conditions for trigonelline extraction were explored to be ultrasonically extracted by 48% methanol at 64℃ and 120 W ultrasonic power for 75 min. The ultrasonic extraction is efficient, rapid for trigonelline with high yield.

  Correlation Study Between Agronomic Traits and Yield of Oil-sunflower on Summer Sowing 2011, 1 (9):  22-25.  Abstract + ( 1930 )   PDF ( 1039KB )   ( 1621 ) In order to clear the correlation between traits of Oil-sunflower and yield，and to providetheoretical support for breeding fifteen hybids were studied by Correlation Analysis and Path Analysis on summer sowing oil-sun flower in South of Shanxi. It was demonstrated that plant height, stem diameter, the number of single disc seed, and single disc weigh with yield showed a significant or extremely significant correlation, while fall percentage with yield showed a significant negative correlation. The path analysis showed that the number of single disc seed and single disc weigh influenced yield directly, stem diameter influenced yield indirectly, plant height and fall percentage influenced yield synthetically. Further analysis showed that with the increase of plant height and the number of single disc seed yield first increased then decreased. When the number of single disc seed was 1352-1428, plant height was 172.1-176.8 cm, yield reached the biggest. With the increase of stem diameter and single disc weigh yield increased continuously, With the increase of fall percentage, yield decreased continuously. The results can be used to breed oil-sun flower hybids.

  Breeding and Research of the Strong Heterosis Hybridized Wheat of ‘Mianzamai168’ 2011, 1 (9):  26-29.  Abstract + ( 1645 )   PDF ( 999KB )   ( 1597 ) Thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat was the main way to utilizing wheat heterosis. The objectives of this study were to improve the yield, quality and resistance ability of common wheat utilizing wheat heterosis. ‘Mianzamai168’ (MTS-1×MR168) was bred by using the traditional breeding technologies of ‘four synchronize and one intercross’. It was characteristic of high resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew, high yield, excellent in quality, early maturity, big and quadrate spike, more kernels per spike, high spike rate and wide adaptability, and so on. It was the first hybridized wheat that was authorized by National Crop Variety Registration Committee and Crop Variety Registration Committee of Sichuan Province in 2007. The paper summarized the breeding process, cultivation techniques, hybridized seed production techniques and the parents seed reproduction techniques of ‘Mianzamai168’, and introduced the results of regional test and demonstration of ‘Mianzamai168’. ‘Mianzamai168’ was an important achievement of wheat heterosis utilization in China. It shows a good prosperity in production application.

  Two Herbicides of Peanut Fields Screening Test 2011, 1 (9):  30-33.  Abstract + ( 2617 )   PDF ( 1157KB )   ( 1969 ) By the experiments of using systemic herbicides acetochlor and quizalofop-p-ethyl to control the weeds in peanut fields. The results showed that the two herbicides were safe with peanut. The 15% quizalofop-p-ethyl 450 g/hm2 and acetochlor 1500 g/hm2 had weeding effect.

  Study on the Soil Nutrients Contents in Different Particle Fractions of Karst Slope Land after Land Consolidation 2011, 1 (9):  34-40.  Abstract + ( 1393 )   PDF ( 1060KB )   ( 1479 ) Study the effective fertilization modes on the Karst soil nutrients after land consolidation, and the content of nutrients in different soil particle fractions. A slope land at Chenjiazhai village of Puding County, Guizhou Province, was used as plot experiments in which different amounts of fertilizer were used in order to study the influence of fertilization modes on the Karst soil nutrients after land consolidation. The results showed that: (1) the of fertilizing modes such as farmyard manure mode, subsoiling mode, using local earthworms mode made a good effects on the increase of content of soil organic matter, total N. (2) The of fertilizing modes such as farmyard manure, integrated with urea, single superphosphate and potassium chloride were beneficial to increase the contents of soil total P and total K. (3) Soil organic matter and other nutrients in fractions of 0.002-0.02 mm were higher than in other soil particle fractions.

  Rational Land Use Strategy in Gulang Desert Oasis in the Hexi Corridor 2011, 1 (9):  41-48.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 1029KB )   ( 1723 ) Based on the analysis of agricultural production, status of land and water resources, area planting structure, levels of economic development and ecological environment construction, the results showed that the limited agricultural land resources, water shortages, single crop species, simple industrial structure, and short crop planting area were severely restricted the development of regional ecological agriculture in the project area. In this study, in order to improve the ecological environment in oasis edge, develop the new cultivated agricultural oasis, improve land use efficiency, promote water-saving eco-agriculture, and increase regional economic benefits, the author tried to increase the planting of economic plants and water-saving crops varieties, develop quality forage and film plant area, expand aquaculture. These methods and measures improved regional industrial planting structure, existing agricultural farming technology, ecological environment in oasis edge, land use efficiency and enhanced soil fertility, receive significant economic benefits. It established a demonstration model for the development of ecological agriculture and regional sustainable development of agriculture in oasis edge.

  Effects of Phosphorus Quantity and “Combinations of Phosphorus and Zinc Fertilizer” on Growth and Grain Yield of Summer Maize 2011, 1 (9):  49-52.  Abstract + ( 1742 )   PDF ( 976KB )   ( 1679 ) This paper studied the effects of phosphorus and combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer on growth and development and grain yield of summer maize by split block design. The results showed that phosphate fertilizer application alone or combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer was promoting growth and development of summer maize, increasing dry matter accumulation and secondary root numbers, reducing bare tip, improving ear characters and disease resistance, and the effect of combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer was better than phosphate fertilizer application alone. The yield of phosphate fertilizer application alone and combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer were 7.70%-31.21% and 15.99%-40.34% higher than that of control, respectively. The yield of combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer was 4.03%-8.73% higher than that of phosphate fertilizer application alone. The highest yield was reached 9581.2 kg/hm2 when P2O5 and ZnSO4 application rate were 180 kg/hm2 and 15 kg/hm2. According to the regression analysis, the highest yield will be reached 8823.0 kg/hm2 and 9499.61 kg/hm2 when P2O5 application rate in phosphate fertilizer application alone and combinations of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer are 178.65 kg/hm2 and 203.49 kg/hm2, respectively. The ratio of input to output is high, and the economic benefit is best.

  Planning Mechanism of Modern-high-efficiency Agriculture 2011, 1 (9):  53-56.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 1001KB )   ( 1486 ) Agriculture planning has these characteristics of forward-looking, guidance and operational, etc. The project team undertook two regional characteristics cases of modern agricultural demonstration area planning in Yueda Jianhu Jiangsu and modern agricultural garden in Jinting Suzhou. The article analyzed meaning, outlined the basic line, proposed a practical, high standards, high-level functional orientation according to two cases by considering the regional socio-economic status, characteristics of agriculture, natural resources, etc. So summing up measures and proposals for planning and management decision-makers to reference.

  Foxtail Millet Producing Situation and Development Suggestion in the Tai-hang Mountain, Hebei Province -Take Foxtail Millet Producing Investigation in Wu’an City as an Example 2011, 1 (9):  57-60.  Abstract + ( 1666 )   PDF ( 994KB )   ( 1715 ) Hebei Province is the big province of foxtail millet producing, plant area has been highest in the country, especially the mountainous and foothills of the majority. Tai-hang mountain is the biggest millet producing area in Hebei Province, development potentiality is very good, but foxtail millet producing development have much condition factor. In order to achieve the Taihang Mountains millet sustained and rapid development, farmers' income, social efficiency，so，the article is for example of foxtail millet producing investigation, uses Interview, investigation and table analysis and so on, analyze status of Tai-hang mountain millet producing, finds condition questions, explores development trend. Through surveys: the low quality of workers, Labor group consist of old age and women, average age of 52.8 years, primary school culture accounted for 53.7%; Almost all the farmers don’t clear subsidies system; decentralized production、no industry connections, low level of mechanization etc.Last，the article puts some suggestion from five aspects.

  Developmental Strategy of Pepper Industry in Guanzhong Area 2011, 1 (9):  61-64.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 854KB )   ( 1637 ) Qin Pepper, as the famous local agricultural products in Shaanxi, has grown in the Guanzhong area for several hundred years. In recent years, Qin pepper industry has made considerable progress, but it also faces many challenges. To ensure the development goals that the acreage of Qin pepper stable for more than 0.1 million hm2 and the total output achieve to 1.85 million t, with ratio of 1:2:2 among fresh pepper, dried pepper, pressing pepper in 2015. In this paper, based on the full investigations, expert argumentation, research and analysis, according to the principle of “moderately concentrated, the scale of development, company operations, plate forward” and the general idea of “stable area, optimizing the layout, rely on science and technology, outstanding quality, business leads, increase efficiency”, and taking the road of industrialization like “leading enterprises + agriculture + base; leading enterprises + agricultural companies; leading enterprises + cooperatives”, we propose the development strategy that is “layout optimization, plate advance; increasing investment of science and technology, improving the competitiveness of industries; Giving aid to leading enterprises, promote the industrialization process; increase industry certification, creating famous brand”.

  The Current Situation and Development Suggestion of Creative Agriculture in Miyun 2011, 1 (9):  65-68.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 850KB )   ( 1724 ) Creative agriculture is an important part of the urban modern agriculture, which is a new agricultural format formed agriculture, tourism and creative industries. Being ecological underdeveloping area, Miyun creative agriculture has been developed rapidly, relying on its ecological resources, agricultural resources, tourist resources, leisure industry advantages. The current situation and some major issues in development of Miyun's creative agriculture were analyzed. Based on the analysis of its advantages and problems on the basis of the development of creative agriculture, put forward the basic principles of Miyun, and from the integration of resources and scientific planning, mining characteristics culture resource, development theme product and construction industry chain, carried out project design and creative planning, made creative agricultural advantage brand, this paper put forward the specific recommendations.